Yantra Inscription Formulas Khom Thai

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Table of Contents

Topic ................................................... Page

A brief primer for writing khom script — 1 Translating incantations commonly found in the various yantras, from Thai into khom — 9 Heart-mantras of the sacred formulas — 14 Explanatory notes — 25 The verse of homage to the teacher — 28 Basic knowledge — 31 Consecration (waking the power) — 40 The elements — 41 Purification — 45 Summary of yantra-inscription formulas — 46 The standard formula — 46 Other formulas — 48 Yantra of the male and female sarika (myna) birds — 50 Sarika Yantra — 50 Golden-Tongue Sarika Yantra — 51 Sarika-Bird Yantra — 51 Golden-Tongue Sarika Yantra — 52 Golden-Tongue Sarika-of-Chimphli Yantra — 52 Sarika Yantra — 53 Golden-Tongue Sarika Yantra — 53 Golden-Tongue Sarika Yantra — 54

Page ก

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Male Sarika-bird Yantra — 54 Female Sarika-bird Yantra — 54 Golden-Tongue Sarika Yantra of Khun Phaen — 55 Vulture-Asking-News Yantra, Crow-Asking-News Yantra — 55 Karavika-bird Yantra — 56 Karavika-bird Yantra — 56 Crow Yantra — 57 Thidue-bird Yantra — 57 Itipiso Elephant-ear Yantra — 58 Itipiso Elephant-ear Yantra — 59 Itipiso Elephant-ear Yantra — 60 Itipiso Elephant-ear Yantra — 61 Inscribing-Auspiciousness Yantra — 62 Bulletproof Yantra — 62 Sun-and-Moon Yantra — 63 Candle-of-Phra-Chimphli Yantra — 63 Inscribing-the-Candle-Wick Yantra — 64 Inscribing-a-Trading-Takrut Yantra — 64 Phra Chimphli Yantra — 65 Banner-of-Phra-Chimphli Yantra — 65 Heart-mantra-of-Phra-Chimphli Yantra — 66 Lord-Who-Empties-the-Household Yantra — 66 The-Four-Lord-Buddhas Yantra — 67 Indra's-Allure Yantra — 68

Page ข

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Inscribing-a-Bodhi-Leaf Yantra — 69 Buddha-in-the-Womb Yantra — 69 Four-Strand-Takrut Yantra — 70 Inscribing-a-Single-Strand-Takrut Yantra — 70 Niello-Inlaid-Takrut Yantra — 71 Solo-Takrut-against-Firearms Yantra — 71 Escape-from-Danger Yantra — 72 Counter-Black-Magic Yantra — 72 The-Four-Lord-Buddhas Yantra — 73 Trading-Takrut Yantra — 73 Ward-against-Gunfire Yantra — 74 Inscribing-a-Beeswax-Case Yantra — 74 Inscribing-a-Betel-Leaf-for-Union-of-Hearts Yantra — 75 Inscribing-a-Takrut Yantra — 75 Solo-Takrut Yantra — 76 Escape-from-Danger Yantra — 76 Inscribing-a-Handkerchief Yantra — 77 Escape-from-Danger Yantra — 77 Narayana's-Transformation Yantra — 78 Self-Renewal Yantra — 78 Closing-the-Door-against-Enemies Yantra — 79 Ward-against-Sorcery Yantra — 79 Great-Invulnerability Yantra — 80 Single-Strand-Takrut Yantra — 80

Page ค

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Four-Elements Yantra — 81 Inscribing-a-Ring Yantra — 81 Blind-Eye-Namo Yantra — 82 Great-Invulnerability Yantra — 82 Four-Elements Yantra — 83 Burying-a-Cursed-Talisman Yantra — 83 Great-Invulnerability Yantra — 84 Inscribing-a-Cigarette-to-Blow-on-a-Woman Yantra — 84 Niello-Inscription Yantra — 85 All-Four-Elements Yantra — 85 Evading-Diamond Yantra — 86 Earth-Goddess (Thorani) Yantra — 86 Heart-mantra-of-the-Earth-Goddess Yantra [printed "กรณี"] — 87 Great-Charisma Yantra — 87 Heart-mantra-of-the-Earth-Goddess Yantra [printed "กรณี"] — 88 Heart-mantra Yantra [printed "กรณี"] — 88 Phra Chimphli Yantra — 89 Inscribing-a-Love-Charm Yantra — 89 Single-Strand-Takrut Yantra — 90 Loving-Kindness-Mind Yantra — 90 Inscribing-a-Pillowcase Yantra — 91 Inscribing-a-Love-Leaf-Hidden-under-the-Mattress Yantra — 91 Chatri (Warrior-Protection) Yantra — 92 Protecting-People Yantra — 92

Page ง

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Remembering-the-Deity Yantra — 93 Sealing-against-Firearms Yantra — 94 Great-Escape Yantra — 94 Evading-Diamond Yantra — 95 Ward-against-Thieves Yantra — 96 Three-Legged-Rabbit Yantra — 96 Inscribing-a-Love-Charm-on-a-Palm-Leaf Yantra — 97 Escape-from-Danger Yantra — 98 Banner-of-Great-Fortune Yantra — 98 Nine-Transcendent-Dhammas Yantra — 99 Inscribing-a-Betel-Leaf-Held-in-the-Mouth-to-Win-a-Woman's-Love Yantra — 99 Golden-Lotus Yantra — 100 Victory-Banner Yantra [name uncertain in source] — 100 First-Syllable Yantra — 101 Three-Strand-Love-Charm Yantra — 102 Ward-against-Ghost-Possession Yantra — 102 Crystal-Lamp Yantra — 103 Ward-against-Plague-Fever-and-Great-Bandits Yantra — 103 Sixteen-Lord-Buddhas Yantra — 104 Sixteen-Lord-Buddhas Yantra — 104 Sixteen-Lord-Buddhas Yantra — 105 Sixteen-Lord-Buddhas Yantra — 106 Loving-Kindness-Takrut Yantra — 106 Heart-mantra-for-Prosperity Yantra [name uncertain] — 107

Page จ

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Single-Strand-Takrut Yantra — 107 Solo-Takrut Yantra — 108 Enduring-Takrut Yantra — 108 Bulletproof Yantra — 109 Endurance Yantra — 110 Great-Brahma-King Yantra — 110 All-Purpose Yantra — 111 Great-Brahma-Illuminating-the-World Yantra — 112 Ward-against-Thieves-from-the-Eight-Directions Yantra — 113 Ten-Birth-Tales (Jataka) Yantra — 114 Wealth-and-Fortune Yantra — 114 Inscribing-a-Solo-Takrut Yantra — 115 The-Four-Lord-Buddhas Yantra — 115 Great-Invulnerability Yantra — 116 Ward-against-Hypnotic-Binding Yantra — 116 Ward-against-Hypnotic-Binding Yantra — 117 Inscribing-a-Takrut-against-Being-Cut-or-Stabbed Yantra — 117 Evading-Diamond Yantra — 118 Evading-Diamond Yantra — 118 Banner-of-Great-Invulnerability Yantra — 119 Buddha's-Crown Yantra — 119 Buddha's-Crown Yantra — 120 Crown's-Pinnacle Yantra — 120 Thirty-Perfections Yantra — 121

Page ฉ

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Thirty-Perfections Yantra — 122 Good-Renown Yantra — 122 Good-Renown Yantra — 123 Heavenly-Flower Yantra — 124 Buddha-Forbidding-Weapons Yantra — 125 Lord-Wild-Rooster Yantra — 125 Lord-Crow Yantra — 126 Candle-of-Phra-Chimphli Yantra — 127 Great-Invulnerability Yantra — 128 Candle-of-the-Four-Lords Yantra — 130 Inscribing-a-Palm-for-Stroking-the-Chest Yantra — 131 Single-Strand-Takrut Yantra — 131 Buddha's-Love-Charm Yantra — 132 Inscribing-a-Protective-Beeswax-Case Yantra — 132 Inscribing-a-Beeswax-Case Yantra — 133 Inscribing-a-Palm-for-Holding-a-Woman Yantra — 133 Nutmeg-Flower Yantra — 133 Testing-a-Woman Yantra [reading uncertain] — 134 Escape-from-Danger Yantra — 134 Inscribing-a-Cigarette-to-Blow-on-a-Woman Yantra — 135 Inscribing-a-Beeswax-Case Yantra — 135 Binding-a-Child's-Wrist-so-It-Is-Easy-to-Raise Yantra — 135 Inscribing-a-Sugarcane-Syrup-Cake Yantra — 136 Inscribing-a-Betel-Leaf-for-a-Woman-to-Eat Yantra — 136

Page ช

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Inscribing-the-Hem-of-a-Cloth-for-a-Woman's-Love Yantra — 136 Inscribing-the-Face-of-a-Sandalwood-Grinding-Stone Yantra — 137 The-Four-Lord-Buddhas Yantra — 137 Inscribing-a-Betel-Leaf Yantra — 138 Stroking-a-Woman's-Back Yantra — 138 Ward-against-Ghosts Yantra — 139 Placing-in-a-Well-so-the-Whole-Household-Loves Yantra — 139 Endurance Yantra — 140 Great-Allure Yantra — 140 Soaking-in-Fragrant-Oil Yantra — 141 Inscribing-a-Tiger's-Forehead Yantra — 141 Lord-Who-Empties-the-Household Yantra — 142 Inscribing-a-Palm-for-Slapping-Ghosts Yantra — 142 Ward-against-Sorcery Yantra — 143 Ward-against-Danger Yantra — 143 Ward-against-Enemies Yantra — 144 Ward-Rats-from-Eating-the-Rice Yantra — 144 Binding-a-Child's-Wrist-against-Ghosts Yantra — 144 Ward-against-Dog-Bites Yantra — 145 Inscribing-a-Palm-for-Restraining-a-Woman Yantra — 145 Ward-against-Fire Yantra — 146 Closing-the-Door-against-Ghosts Yantra — 146 Closing-the-Door-against-Ghosts Yantra — 146 Ward-against-Ghosts Yantra — 147

Page ซ

A Brief Primer for Writing Khom Script

[khom script] Na Mo Phut Tha Ya Sit Thang [the syllables of a heart-mantra formula, an extended form of the Namo Buddhaya invocation]

[Table comparing khom letterforms to their Thai phonetic equivalents: the first row gives the vowel forms corresponding to the sounds ะ า ิ ี ุ ู เ ไ; below that are several rows of khom consonant letters, each cell showing a hand-drawn khom character with its Thai phonetic reading printed underneath — the hand-drawn khom characters in some cells are not clearly legible]

Page 1

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Declension drill: the "ka-ka" family

The consonant ก (k) conjugated through the vowels a, ā, i, ī, u, ū, e, ai and the final -ng: ka, kā, ki, kī, ku, kū, ke, kai, kung, king, kang, kaw.

[table: a multi-row reading-drill grid continues below this row, each row pairing a Khom-script syllable above with its Thai transliteration beneath; the consonant letters in the further rows (roughly a dozen more) are not legible enough in this scan to transcribe with confidence]

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[table: continuation of the Khom-script/Thai reading-drill table from the previous page, roughly twenty more rows, each conjugating a further Thai consonant through the same vowel pattern (a, ā, i, ī, u, ū, e, ai, and final -ng); the individual consonant letters in each row are not legible enough in this scan to transcribe with confidence]

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[table: the Khom-script/Thai reading-drill table concludes partway down this page; the lower half of the page is blank. The individual consonant letters in each row are not legible enough in this scan to transcribe with confidence]

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Four further consonant-cluster reading drills, each conjugating a nonsense syllable-cluster through the vowels a, ā, i, ī, u, ū, e, ai and the final -ng, with the Khom-script rendering above each Thai transliteration:

Declension of the "kap-na" cluster

kapna, kapnā, kapni, kapnī, kapnu, kapnū / kapne, kapnai, kapnung, kapning, kapnang, kapnaw.

Declension of the "kan-na" cluster

kanna, kannā, kanni, kannī, kannu, kannū / kanne, kannai, kannung, kanning, kannang, kannaw.

Declension of the "kap-pa" cluster

kappa, kappā, kappi, kappī, kappu, kappū / kappe, kappai, kappung, kapping, kappang, kappaw.

Declension of the "kas-la" cluster

kasala, kasalā, kasali, kasalī, kasalu, kasalū / kasale, kasalai, kasalung, kasaling, kasalang, kasalaw.

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Four more consonant-cluster reading drills, same pattern (Khom script above, Thai transliteration below):

Declension of the "kap-pa" cluster

kappa, kappā, kappi, kappī, kappu, kappū / kappe, kappai, kappung, kapping, kappang, kappaw.

Declension of the "kap-pa" (labial) cluster

kappa, kappā, kappi, kappī, kappu, kappū / kappe, kappai, kappung, kapping, kappang, kappaw. [Note: this entry's Thai heading is visually near-identical to the preceding one; a fine distinction between the two consonants (likely พ vs ภ) was not confidently resolvable in this scan.]

Declension of the "kat-ta" cluster

katta, kattā, katti, kattī, kattu, kattū / katte, kattai, kattung, katting, kattang, kattaw.

Declension of the "kat-ja" cluster

katja, katjā, katji, katjī, katju, katjū / katje, katjai, katjung, katjing, katjang, katjaw.

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Four more consonant-cluster reading drills, same pattern:

Declension of the "kat-ja" (voiced) cluster

katja, katjā, katji, katjī, katju, katjū / katje, katjai, katjung, katjing, katjang, katjaw.

Declension of the "kan-ja" cluster

kanja, kanjā, kanji, kanjī, kanju, kanjū / kanje, kanjai, kanjung, kanjing, kanjang, kanjaw.

Declension of the "kak-ka" cluster

kakka, kakkā, kakki, kakkī, kakku, kakkū / kakke, kakkai, kakkung, kakking, kakkang, kakkaw.

Declension of the "kak-ka" (voiced) cluster

kakka, kakkā, kakki, kakkī, kakku, kakkū / kakke, kakkai, kakkung, kakking, kakkang, kakkaw.

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Three more consonant-cluster reading drills, same pattern, closing this series:

Declension of the "kang-nga" cluster

kangnga, kangngā, kangngi, kangngī, kangngu, kangngū / kangnge, kangngai, kangngung, kangnging, kangngang, kangngaw.

Declension of the "kam-ma" cluster

kamma, kammā, kammi, kammī, kammu, kammū / kamme, kammai, kammung, kamming, kammang, kammaw.

Declension of the "kay-ya" cluster

kayya, kayyā, kayyi, kayyī, kayyu, kayyū / kayye, kayyai, kayyung, kayying, kayyang, kayyaw.

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Translating the cataa formulas commonly found in various yantras, from Thai into Khom

An important component of many yantras is the sacred cataa (incantation) believed to hold power and sanctity, placed within the yantra's grid, around its border, or among its other elements. The cataa written into a yantra is usually rendered mostly in Khom script. Here we take cataa that ancient masters commonly wove into yantra designs of various forms and translate them from Thai script into Khom script, so that students can compare, study, and understand the coded formulas found within yantra images, and so that this also serves as practice in reading and combining Khom letters. The content is as follows.

Buddha-Virtue Cataa (คาถาพระพุทธคุณ)

[Each line below is given in Khom script above its Thai transliteration.] Itipi so bhagavā (here spelt กะคะวา) arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇa- ("Thus indeed is the Blessed One: worthy, perfectly self-awakened, endowed with knowledge and conduct,") sampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisa-dhamma-sārathi (as spelt on the page) ("well-gone, knower of the world, unsurpassed charioteer/trainer,") satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā ti ("teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.")

Dhamma-Virtue Cataa (คาถาพระธรรมคุณ)

svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehi- ("Well-proclaimed by the Blessed One is the Dhamma, visible here and now, timeless, inviting one to come and see,") passiko opanayiko (as spelt) paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī ti ("leading onward, to be experienced individually by the wise.")

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Sangha-Virtue Cataa (คาถาพระสังฆคุณ)

[Each line below is given in Khom script above its Thai transliteration.] Supaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ujupaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ñāyapaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, sāmīcipaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho — ("The Blessed One's disciple Sangha has practiced well, practiced directly, practiced methodically, practiced properly,") yadidaṃ cattāri purisayugāni aṭṭha purisapuggalā, esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho — ("namely, the four pairs of persons, the eight types of individuals — this is the Blessed One's disciple Sangha,") āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo, anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā ti. ("worthy of offerings, worthy of hospitality, worthy of gifts, worthy of reverential salutation, the unsurpassed field of merit for the world.")

Refuge-Taking Cataa (คาถาพระไตรสรณคมน์)

Buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi. ("I go to the Buddha for refuge.") Dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi. ("I go to the Dhamma for refuge.") Saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi. ("I go to the Sangha for refuge.")

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[Running header at top of page: decorative cursive script, illegible. Each cataa below is printed in two columns, Khom script above and Thai transliteration below, read left column then right column.]

Cataa of the Buddha's Perfections (คาถาบารมีพระพุทธเจ้า)

Itipāramitātiṅsā itisabbaññūmāgatā — ("Thus [through] the thirty perfections, thus he arrived at omniscience,") itibodhimanuppatto itipiso[illegible]. ("thus he attained enlightenment, thus is he..." — [the closing word(s) of this line are not legible enough in this scan to transcribe with confidence].)

Sukittimā Cataa (คาถาสุกิตติมา)

Sukittimā subhācāro susīlavā supāgato — ("Of good renown, of good conduct, virtuous, well-gone,") yassasīmā vacetiro kessaro vā asambhito. (as spelt on the page.)

Crown Cataa of the Buddha (คาถามงกุฏพระพุทธเจ้า)

Itipiso visese-i isese buddhanāme-i — (as spelt on the page) imenā buddhataṅ sai-i isaitaṅ buddhapiti-i. (as spelt on the page.)

Cataa Warding Off Weapons (คาถาพระเจ้าห้ามอาวุธ)

Asi satthaṃ nu ceva sabbe te āvudhāni ca — ("Swords and weapons, and all such arms,") bhaggabhaggā vicuṇṇāti lomaṃ mā menaṃ phusanti. ("broken and shattered — may they not so much as touch a hair of him.")

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Mantra of the Wild Jungle-Fowl King

[a four-line charm built from mirrored syllables — vethāsāku kasāthāve / thāyasāta tasāyathā / sāsāthiku kuthisāsā / kutakuphū phūkutaku — a formulaic charm, kept as printed since it has no independent literal meaning]

Mantra of the Cormorant King

[a four-line charm of the same mirrored-syllable type — thevākāni nikāvāthe / vāhikāsu sukāhivā / kākāreka kārekākā / nisukaya yakasuni]

Mantra of the 16 Lords, Male Form

[sixteen single mnemonic syllables set out in a 2x2 block of four-syllable lines: pha ma pha a / pho ko pha ka / ko o pho a / pha a ka ang]

Mantra of the 16 Lords, Female Form

[mnemonic syllables: umi ami / mahisutang / sunaphutthang / asuna a]

Mantra of the 28 Lords [Buddhas]

[a two-line syllable charm — tangmesathiko mangsurehsai apapha pasuspee / athasiti puwisive kukaikaho phamamihang — kept as printed, not literally translatable]

The Four Companions Mantra

[a single-line charm: karamatha kirimiti kurumuthu kerehmehthe]

Mantra for Warding Off Danger

[a two-line protective charm invoking "danger" (กิงกะระณัง) and declaring "I proclaim, I proclaim" (ชาพามิ ชาพามิ)]

Mantra of the Karavika Bird

[a two-line charm praising a sweet-voiced tongue: ชิวหา = "tongue", มะธุรัง = "sweet", วาจัง = "speech" — the karavika bird's melodious call rendered as a formulaic verse]

Mantra "Itipiso" [for the Elephant's Ear]

This restates the standard "Itipiso" recollection of the Buddha's virtues: "Iti pi so Bhagavā arahaṃ" (Thus indeed is the Blessed One, a Worthy One), "Iti pi so Bhagavā sammāsambuddho" (a Rightly Self-Awakened One), "Iti pi so Bhagavā Buddho Bhagavā" (the Awakened One, the Blessed One) — used here as a protective charm.

Mantra of Brahma Surveying the World, Right Side

[a palindromic four-line charm built from mirrored syllables, not literally translatable]

Mantra of Brahma Surveying the World, Left Side

[a palindromic four-line charm, the mirror companion to the "right side" mantra above]

The "Wa Horakhun" Mantra

[a single-line eight-syllable charm, transliterated as printed: asangwisulopusapaka]

Heart-Mantras

A "heart" (hua-chai) mantra is a short verse condensed from a longer mantra. It may be extracted from the first word of each clause, the last word of each clause, a sequence of letters, or by other means known to one's teachers, for ease of memorization and recitation, and also so it can be reduced still further for inscribing into various yantra diagrams.

[table of condensed mnemonic syllables, each followed by the name of the longer text it stands for:] sangwithāpukayapa ..... Heart of the Seven Dhamma Books thimasang-ingkhu ..... Heart-mantra of the Suttas āpāmachupa ..... Heart of the Vinaya thusaphima ..... Heart of the Four Noble Truths titi-umi ..... Heart of the Dhammacakka [First Sermon] isavirama-sāphuthevā ..... Heart of the Nibbāna-cakkī techasumemaphūcha-nāvive ..... Heart of the Ten Birth-Stories (Dasajāti) phamaphatha ..... Heart of the Four Elements chakakasa ..... Heart of the Karaṇīya [Mettā] Sutta

[continuing the same table of condensed mnemonic syllables paired with the longer text each stands for:] chaaphakha ..... Heart of the Crown Regalia phutthasangmi ..... Heart of the Threefold Refuge phutthasang-i ..... Heart of the Foremost Precept naphutthasang ..... Heart of the Body of the Precepts isapami ..... Heart of the Concluding Precept pāsucha ..... Heart of the Ten Precepts arahang ..... Heart of the Summit of Nibbāna matiyāpho ..... Heart of the Eight Gems sathavipipasa-u ..... Heart of the Seven Auspicious Blessings isavāsu ..... Heart of the Triple Gem phāmānā-ukasanathu ..... Heart of the Bāhung [Victory Verses] ikawiti ..... Heart of the Buddha

chipiseti ..... Heart of the Paṭisaṅkhā [Reflection] formula ma-a-u ..... Heart of the Tipiṭaka thusaphaso ..... Heart of the Dhammapada thusamaphi ..... Heart of the "Pathamang" [Beginning] formula ithakhama ..... Heart of "Ithache" sachathatree ..... Heart of the Triple Lion (Trīnisingha) nganamama ..... Heart of Concord (Sandhi) mekamu ..... Heart of Mother Earth (Phra Thoranee) chicherumi ..... Heart of the Ultimate Truth (Paramattha) pha-u-e-a ..... Heart of Father Mo sepusaosetaase ..... Heart of the Foremost One lokawithu ..... Heart of the Three Worlds

phāsangsipho ..... Heart of the House-Turtle (Tao Ruean) kārawiko ..... Heart of the Karavika Bird sīhaphāthang ..... Heart of the Lion (Rāchasīh) phaka-api ..... Heart of the Four [Great] Lords aya-weyya ..... Heart of the White Eel phachaliti ..... Heart of Phra Chimphli wirasati ..... Heart of Insight Meditation (Vipassanā) uthasati ..... Heart of the Triple Gem's Virtue phahisotang ..... Heart of "Yatohang" phamakaya ..... Heart of Kakusandha Buddha phamakata ..... Heart of Koṇāgamana Buddha karamatha ..... Heart of Kassapa Buddha

techasati ..... Heart of Fire wāyulaka ..... Heart of Wind āpānuti ..... Heart of Water pathaviyang ..... Heart of Earth phawesatche-achima ..... Heart of the Perfections (Bāramī) mettasaraphūmi ..... Heart of Virūpakkha [Guardian King] sayasapuya-apa ..... Heart of the Paritta siwangphutthang ..... Heart of Nibbāna yaphirattaphang ..... Heart of "Yaphi" etangsating ..... Heart of the Karaṇīyamettā Sutta etamangkhalang ..... Heart of the Maṅgala Sutta āphichaphi ..... Heart of "Āyatanubhoto"

kalakanchāmahāphisamā ..... Heart of the Mahāsamaya [Great Assembly] Sutta asisattipakasming ..... Heart of the Four-Sided Diamond kaphaphimā ..... Heart of "Kinnu Satmano" kayaphaya ..... Heart of the Yaksha King kayaphatang ..... Heart of the Yaksha Recitation pasisa ..... Heart of the Lord's Weapon nawa-assa ..... Heart of "Pha Mo" kayapha-a ..... Heart of "Kacha" yantangsantang ..... Heart of the Yantra sunamolo ..... Heart of Khun Phaen ahangtiko ..... Heart of Invulnerability and Evasion (Khlaeo Khlat) phutakangke ..... Heart of the Diamond Armor

karasati ..... Heart of Paralysis/Stillness (Changngang) ahangnukā ..... Heart of Supernatural Power (Itthiriddhi) kālathānu ..... Heart of the Crow-Charm kummiphūmi ..... Heart of the Land-Guardian Spirit (Phra Phum) aphisosa ..... Heart of the Nibbāna Sutta phasamihe ..... Heart of the Devas (Sakka) sakachaphāhu ..... Heart of Phra Yāna-rangsī sathapato ..... Heart of "Sambuddhe" kakhachana ..... Heart of the Boiling Ganges saranata ..... Heart of the Vessantara Jātaka namasang-i ..... Heart of the Vidhura Jātaka pāsi-u-a ..... Heart of the Mahosadha Jātaka

[heading: "Soratetch" (a decorative section label, precise sense not clear from context)]

Saratedja — the heart(-mantra) of Phra Temiya [a decorative Khom-script rendering of the same word appears beneath each entry on this page; not confidently legible]

Masaphiwa — the heart of Phra Phurithat

Awasattha — the heart of Phra Suwannasam

Papayaha — the heart of Phra Mahachanok

Sakhisapi — the heart of Vipassī [one of the past Buddhas]

Phalaiya — the heart of Phra Malai

Isiwira — the heart of Phraya Roi-et

Sasimira — the heart of Phraya Mi

Kachayasa — the heart of the Divine Mantra

Ahisappo — the heart of the Snake

Sasisasu-awasang — the heart of the Novice Monk

Chasichami — the heart of "Mathesik" [name as printed, gloss unclear]

[heading, illegible]

Angasa — the heart of the Naga King [a decorative Khom-script rendering of the same word appears beneath each entry on this page; not confidently legible]

Sukkheiyo — the heart of the Horse King

Kalamatju — the heart of Phraya Matchuraat [the Lord of Death]

Phuphawato — the heart of the Mara King

[illegible] — the heart of the Animal[s]

Wessaphusa — the heart of Thao Wessuwan

Hantaphuka — the heart of Bali [monkey king of the Ramayana]

Phahawara — the heart of Ongkot [monkey warrior of the Ramayana]

Kasitapha — the heart of the Pincer Ant

Tiwikuku — the heart of the Wild Jungle-fowl

Molokhokhai — the heart of "Ko.Kho." [abbreviation, referent unclear]

Upasampa — the heart of "Ullum" [name as printed, referent unclear]

[heading, illegible]

Kaphapeha — the heart of the Thief [a decorative Khom-script rendering of the same word appears beneath each entry on this page; not confidently legible]

Thaphamaya — the heart of the Termite

Hanumana — the heart of Hanuman

Manuyang — the heart of the Human

Chittangphakhinime — the heart of a Woman

Chittangpuriso — the heart of a Man

Nahilokang — the heart of Endurance

Utthang-attho — the heart of "Maha-ut" [term as printed, sense unclear]

Wingwangkangha — the heart of the Slow Loris

Explanatory Notes

This "Manual of Great Yantras" compiles yantras drawn from many old treatises. Anyone who takes up this manual to study should first set up a teacher's bowl (khan khru), in order to ask permission and speak a request for blessing to the teachers, the elder teachers, and the originators of the tradition who devised it according to custom — that is, arranging flowers, incense, a candle, and a teacher's bowl in the manner generally practiced, consisting of:

1. One face-washing bowl.

2. Four cones made of fresh banana leaf, each containing inside:

2.1 One lotus flower

2.2 One incense stick

2.3 One candle

2.4 One quid of betel and areca

2.5 Popped rice placed in all four of those cones as well.

3. White cloth and red cloth, the size of a handkerchief, to line the bottom of the bowl.

Then place all four cones on top of the white and red cloth lining the bottom of the bowl, together with a teacher's fee of 6 or 12 baht, or as much as one is able to provide.

If one has the means to do more, one should arrange a medium-level teacher-veneration set, arranging the various offerings as follows:

1. One tray of rice topped with a boiled egg (bai sri pak cham).

2. One hand of nam-thai bananas.

3. One young coconut.

4. One whole pig's head, or one piece of "phon tong" pork.

5. Red and white boiled rice-flour sweets (khanom tom).

6. A teacher's bowl.

7. Silver and gold candles.

If preparing on a large scale, one should arrange sacrificial offerings consisting of six kinds of meat and seafood, namely:

1. One pig's head 4. One duck 2. One chicken 5. One shrimp 3. One sea crab 6. One snakehead fish

These items should be boiled through, served with dipping sauce, and there should also be one dish of spicy salad (plaa or yam). The second set, the "kraya buat" sweets, consists of:

1. A tray of rice topped with a boiled egg speared on the tip of the cone (bai sri pak cham).

2. One hand of nam-thai bananas.

3. One young coconut.

4. White and red boiled rice-flour sweets (sometimes "khan lao" and "hu chang" sweets are added as well).

5. Sweet coconut-milk stewed vegetable (pumpkin or sweet potato may be used).

6. Nine kinds of fresh sweets (such as thong yip and foi thong).

7. Nine kinds of dried sweets (such as khanom phing and khanom sampanni).

8. Assorted preserved sweets (khanom khrueang chan-ap).

9. Milk and cream/butter.

10. Roasted peanuts and roasted sesame.

11. Raw peanuts and raw sesame.

12. Boiled taro and boiled sweet potato.

13. Nine kinds of fruit combined on one tray (using sweet-tasting fruit).

14. Popped rice on one tray, mixed with flowers.

15. Betel, areca, and cigarettes on one tray.

16. Flowers of nine colors on one tray.

17. One glass of cool water.

18. One jar of scented powder dissolved in perfumed water.

19. A pair of silver and gold candles, each weighing 4 baht, with 16-strand wicks, covered in gold leaf and silver leaf. Besides these, there should also be fragrant incense sticks for lighting and setting upon these offerings.

Once all the offering items have been fully prepared, spread white cloth, set up the teacher-veneration offerings and the text at a suitable place, with a Buddha image as the principal object. Light incense and candles in homage to the Triple Gem, gather one's own mind into concentration, and once the mind is settled and steady, recite the teacher-veneration verses, pay homage to the teachers, ask for empowerment in the knowledge, and state one's wishes in due order.

The Teacher-Veneration Verses

Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa. (recite 3 times)

Buddhaṃ jīvitaṃ yāva nibbānaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi (I go for refuge to the Buddha for life, until Nibbāna): itipiso bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā ti — the standard recollection of the Buddha's virtues: the Blessed One, the Worthy One, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One, accomplished in true knowledge and conduct, the Well-Gone, the Knower of Worlds, the Unsurpassed Trainer of persons to be tamed, the Teacher of gods and humans, the Enlightened, the Blessed One.

Dhammaṃ jīvitaṃ yāva nibbānaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi (I go for refuge to the Dhamma for life, until Nibbāna): svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opanayiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī ti — the Dhamma well-proclaimed by the Blessed One, visible here and now, timeless, inviting one to come and see, leading onward, to be known individually by the wise.

Saṅghaṃ jīvitaṃ yāva nibbānaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi (I go for refuge to the Sangha for life, until Nibbāna): supaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho ... — the community of the Blessed One's disciples who practice well, practice straightly, practice methodically, practice properly; namely the four pairs, the eight kinds of persons — this community of the Blessed One's disciples is worthy of gifts, worthy of hospitality, worthy of offerings, worthy of reverential salutation, the unsurpassed field of merit for the world.

Worship of the Buddha [brings] great glory; worship of the Dhamma [brings] great wisdom; worship of the Sangha [brings] great prosperity; I offer highest homage to the Most Excellent of the Three Worlds.

This chant is a verse of homage to the Triple Gem. In a medium or large ceremony that also includes silver and gold candles, light the silver and gold candles first, and only then recite the verse of homage to the Triple Gem. After that, light incense and candles in homage to the teachers, placing them according to the usual offering arrangement, and then recite the invitation to the deities, as follows:

[Pali verse inviting the deities dwelling in the heavens, in the realms of sense-desire and form, on mountain peaks, in the sky, in celestial mansions, on islands, in kingdoms, villages, young thickets, houses and grounds, and every locality — spirits of water and land, yakkhas, gandhabbas, and nāgas — to draw near and hear the sage's exposition: "It is now the time to hear the Dhamma, venerable ones; it is now the time to hear the Dhamma, venerable ones; it is now the time to hear the Dhamma, venerable ones."]

Once the invitation to the deities and all sacred powers has been spoken, next call to mind the teachers and masters, praying that they come to help conduct the rite, so that potency, sacredness, and success may arise as wished, and invite them to receive the offerings that have been prepared, reciting the following dedication:

[Pali:] Whatever teacher I have gone to for refuge, with this act of homage I revere that teacher; a second time [I revere that teacher]; a third time [I revere that teacher]. (This verse accompanies the presentation of the offerings.)

[Pali verse:] Having paid homage to the Well-Gone Protector, to the Buddha, the Dhamma, and the Sangha well — [reciting] Namo Buddhāya — I shall proclaim the divine mantra to the best of my ability; the five syllables [of Namo Buddhāya] having arisen, I pay homage.

[Pali verse:] Having paid homage to the unsurpassed Protector of the World among sages, [and] to the treatise bound to the sages, I pay homage to that sagely accomplishment, and to Vessa[ntara].

[Pali verse — a mantra built on the syllables "ma-a-u" drawn from "Namo", invoking the great treatise of the Triple Gods; with the syllables u-u, a-a, ma-ma forming the mantra, through this great mantra the three syllables arise from the Buddha's uṇṇaloma (the hair-curl between the brows); Namo Buddhāya, the Teacher, the Buddha.]

[Pali verse:] Homage to the Lord of the point of arising, to the one born under Brahma's foremost name, who in the first aeon came well, having beheld the five lotuses; Namo Buddhāya — this is the homage.

[Pali verse:] On my crown, the Buddha-deity; on my forehead, the Brahma-deity; in my heart, Nārāyaṇa; in my two hands, the Great Lord; on my feet, the guardian spirits — may all these deeds be accomplished for me.

[Pali verse:] May the task be accomplished, may the deed be accomplished, may the undertaking be accomplished, O Tathāgata; may accomplishment and gain be constant; may fiery power and victory be perpetual; may every deed be accomplished for me.

Having paid homage to the Buddha, I have paid homage to the virtue of the Buddha. Having paid homage to the Dhamma, I have paid homage to the virtue of the Dhamma. Having paid homage to the Sangha, I have paid homage to the virtue of the Sangha. Furthermore, I invite the virtue of the Lord Buddha, the virtue of the Lord Dhamma, and the virtue of the Lord Sangha, together with the virtue of my father and mother, my preceptor and teachers, the virtuous hermit Narot, the virtuous hermit Nalai, the virtuous hermit Krailaikoti, the virtuous hermit Tawua, the virtuous hermit Tafai, the virtuous hermit Kassapa, the virtuous hermit Kraiphop, the virtuous hermit Tassanamongkhon, as well as the hermit Phet Chalukan, and the adepts of occult knowledge; also Mother Earth, Mother River Ganga, the God of Fire, the God of Wind, and Lord Isvara [Shiva] the Sky Lord — may they come and bestow their victorious blessing upon me. I invite all the deities throughout the whole earth, and the hundred and eight hermits, to bring down upon me every kind of sacred knowledge and skill; may the venerable teachers, the elder teachers, the resident teachers, and the sacred script grant lasting empowerment to me at this moment.

Itipiso bhagavā — I invite the Perfectly Enlightened Buddha to come and rest above my crown and hair; I invite Lord Brahma to descend and dwell upon my left shoulder; I invite Lord Narayana to descend and dwell upon my right shoulder; I invite Mother Ganga to descend and become my saliva; I invite the God of Wind to descend and become the breath of my mouth; I invite the Naga Prince to descend and become my ornamental chain; I invite Lord Kala to descend and become my heart. Whatever I do, whenever I do it, may no spirit or wandering ghost come to trouble or afflict me; may I never be careless or make a mistake. I invite the virtue of past teachers, the hundred and eight hermits — by the excellent power of the venerable teachers, may the teachers dwelling in caves come to help bestow their blessing upon me: may the Buddha grant accomplishment, great accomplishment; may the Dhamma grant accomplishment, great accomplishment; may the Sangha grant accomplishment, great accomplishment.

Om guru deva namami — I raise my hands in reverent homage, paying respect to the elder teachers from the past down to the present: teachers of numerology and of yantra, teachers of medicinal herbs and of remedies, teachers of formulas and of texts, teachers of magical mantra formulas, teachers of the Namo-ko-kho tradition and of the ko-ka [alphabet], and teachers of the Khom-Thai script, all of it, which I have studied and learned. I invite all the venerable teachers to swiftly gather together at this auspicious place.

[Pali/Thai verse playing on the word "siddhi" (accomplishment):] Siddhi kicchang — whatever task or duty I undertake, may it be completed as intended, never stalling or dragging on for long. Siddhi kammang — may the work I maintain for upkeep never fade or decline; may accomplishment come swiftly, swiftly. Siddhi kariya tathagato — just as the All-Victorious Buddha utterly vanquished Mara, may I likewise be safe and clear, escaping every kind of danger instantly. Siddhi labho nirantarang — may royal fortune and every kind of gain flow down without end, like a river in flood that never runs dry. Siddhi techo chayo nichang — may fiery power and authority spread over all, may enemies lose their fierceness, may I be victorious in every direction and crush every foe. Sabbasiddhi bhavantu vo — may every blessing be granted and fulfilled for me, according to these words spoken in offering.

This teacher-veneration verse is a short, condensed version. I consider it suitable for use before undertaking any task — to be recited first, as an auspicious act bringing accomplishment in every respect.

Basic Knowledge

The yantra is an extremely important element used in the occult sciences (saiyasat); regardless of nation or language, those who hold the potency of mantras and incantations in reverence have each established yantras according to the preferred script-forms of their own nation and language. As for the yantras used specifically within Thai occult science, according to the accepted view of the ancient masters, they hold that:

The yantra line represents the umbilical cord of the Buddha. [yantra: two decorative knot-figures side by side — left, a rounded-rectangular frame woven from four small looping coils at its corners; right, a cluster of four looping coils radiating upward and outward from a shared curved base, forming a trefoil-like knot]

The round yantra represents the face of the Buddha, or the face of Brahma. [yantra: a single plain circle, unmarked]

The triangular yantra refers to the Triple Gem — the Buddha, the Dhamma, and the Sangha — or to the three great deities: Isvara (Shiva), Brahma, and Narayana (Vishnu).

[yantra: a triangle with a small circle at each of its three corners, no inscribed characters]

The square yantra refers to the four elements, or the four noble truths that the Buddha awakened to.

[yantra: a square with a small circle at each of its four corners, no inscribed characters]

Some yantras are made in the form of deities, human figures, Hanuman, lions, tigers, and other figures — there are a great many of these as well.

[illustration: four figures — a seated deity/human figure, a lion-like beast (ratchasi), a bird, and a fish]

All of this is a matter of the opinion of the teachers of old, who established these forms according to their meaning and purpose. For example, to inscribe a yantra for the path of power, one would commonly favor a yantra incorporating the figure of the lion (ratchasi), on the reasoning that the lion is a creature possessed of great power. If the purpose were endurance and invulnerability, one would commonly favor a yantra incorporating the figure of Hanuman, because it is believed according to Brahmanical occult tradition that Hanuman is the bearer of the highest majesty and power — none can fight him, he is mighty and courageous, cannot be killed by blade, and is invulnerable to every kind of weapon.

When inscribing a yantra, at the moment of inscription one must compose the mind into deep, unwavering concentration. The hand doing the inscribing must be steady, with the mind set straight. Every kind of yantra has a formula prescribed to govern it; when drawing the lines of a yantra, the drawing must run to completion exactly with the formula, and it is required that it be written in a single continuous stroke without stopping, for otherwise it will not be potent — because stopping partway through is considered spoiled. If one is not to spoil it, the formula must be continued.

The single most important prohibition is this: characters or numerals must never be allowed to overlap or cross the lines of the yantra. Such a yantra is called a "blind yantra" and cannot be used. As for the characters used to inscribe a yantra — specifically in Thai occult practice — the script used is Khom (Khmer-derived script), because it is held to be a sacred script. There are also some yantras that use Thai script forms; for instance, yantras favored in the southern region are inscribed with the "Royal Letters," the 29 letters, which are held to be the origin of the primordial alphabet, namely:

[a 29-letter Thai/Khom alphabetical list, transliterated: nō mō phut thø̄ thāi yø̄ sit thø̄ tham ø̄ ā i ī ue ư u ū rư rư̄ lư lư̄ ē ǣ ai ai ō ao am a]

Each of these letters is held to possess special virtue and can be used individually for almost any purpose. However, the letters most commonly used — across the Central, Northern, and Northeastern regions — are not these; they remain chiefly in the form of Khom script and Tham script (Lao Khom).

Besides letters, what is inscribed in a yantra — in most yantras — is very often numerals. As for the numerals used in a yantra, the formula favored is usually the one from the Trinisingh treatise: instead of writing out many words of script, since the space available in a yantra's compartments is limited, numbers are used to stand in for them. For example, to write the heart-formula of the seven books of the Abhidhamma, "Sangvithapukkayapa," one may simply write the numeral 7 in its place; or to write the Navaharakhun formula, "Asangvisulopusapuka," one writes the numeral 9 in its place. Therefore, one should understand that a numeral inscribed in this way is an abbreviation standing for the letters it replaces. There are several formulas used when writing a yantra, namely:

For the triangular yantra, while drawing the lines of the yantra, one recites as follows: "Tiyantang santang wikrueng khare."

[yantra: a triangle]

This becomes the triangular yantra as shown.

For the square yantra, while drawing the lines of the yantra, one recites: "Chattuyantang santang wikrueng khare."

[yantra: a square]

This becomes the square yantra as shown.

For the round yantra, while drawing the lines of the yantra, one recites: "Yantang santang wikrueng khare."

[yantra: a circle]

This becomes the round yantra as shown.

Pictorial yantras — of all the various images used as yantras, when the time comes to inscribe such an image, it must be accompanied by the recitation of the "32 parts [of the body]" (อาการ ๓๒), namely: [a recited list, in romanised Pali, of the traditional 32 constituent parts of the body — hair, body hair, nails, teeth, skin, flesh, sinews, bones, bone marrow, kidneys, heart, liver, membranes, spleen, lungs, intestines, mesentery, stomach contents, faeces, bile, phlegm, pus, blood, sweat, fat, tears, oil-of-skin, saliva, mucus, oil-of-joints, urine, and brain].

[illustration: four figures — a deity/human figure, a lion-like beast, a bird, and a fish]

These are the various pictorial yantras.

There is also another style of yantra-inscription — specifically, one drawn as a figure of a person, on which a name is signed. This is used mostly for a yantra intended for burial with an effigy or a wax figure; for this, one should use the "Pathamang Lokiya" formula, and consecrate it again with the "32 parts" recitation.

The "bone-lines" of the yantra are the lines that run crisscrossing through the yantra. When inscribing them, use this formula: "Atthiyantang santang wikrueng khare."

[yantra: a triangle with an internal dividing line, a square divided into a 3x3 grid, and a circle divided by crossing lines]

These are the lines that cross back and forth within yantras of various shapes.

Joining the lines of a yantra: when it becomes necessary to pause partway through drawing the lines of a yantra — that is, the line is not drawn in a single unbroken stroke — when resuming the line, one recites this formula to join it: "Sonthiyantang santang wikrueng khare."

Closing the corners of a yantra: once the lines of the yantra have been fully drawn, the corners of the yantra must be closed off. For a square yantra, close it with this formula: "Chattukonchamahayantang, phrommaphaksamahesurang, yantang santang wikrueng khare."

[yantra: a square with a small circle at each corner, with an arrow and the caption "closed into a circle at the yantra's corner"]

For other yantras, such as the triangular yantra, when closing it, use this formula: "Phrommaphaksamahesurang, yantang santang wikrueng khare."

[yantra: a triangle with a small circle at each corner, with an arrow and the caption "closed into a circle at the yantra's corner"]

Inscribing letters and numerals: when inscribing letters and numerals within a yantra, use this formula. To inscribe a letter: "Akkharayantang upachachati."

To inscribe a numeral: "Lekhayantang upachachati."

Once inscribed, the letter or numeral must be "locked" so that it remains permanently in place, because it is held that a letter or numeral, if not locked after being inscribed, may vanish away (that is, fade of its own accord).

To lock a letter: "Akkharayantang santang wikrueng khare."

To lock a numeral: "Lekhayantang santang wikhrueng khare."

For inscribing letters and numerals, there is also another widely favored formula: whichever letter one is inscribing, one recites that same letter each time it occurs. For example, to inscribe "Namo Buddhaya," one inscribes it in this manner: "Na — karo hoti sambhavo" — inscribe "na"

"Mo — karo hoti sambhavo" — inscribe "mo"

"Phut — karo hoti sambhavo" — inscribe "phut"

"Tha — karo hoti sambhavo" — inscribe "tha"

"Ya — karo hoti sambhavo" — inscribe "ya"

Or, if inscribing numerals, proceed likewise: "Ma-a-u — karo hoti sambhavo" — inscribe the numeral 3

"Na-ma-pha-tha — karo hoti sambhavo" — inscribe the numeral 4

"Phuttho — karo hoti sambhavo" — inscribe the numeral 2

One may use the formula given in this manner; once inscribed, it must be locked. As for the numeral itself, one should consider which incantation to bring to bear for the inscribing — any incantation whose syllable-count matches that number will serve. For example, for the numeral 4 one may use "Chapakasa," or one may use "Thusamani."

Besides inscribing the yantra's lines, letters, and numerals, there is also the inscribing of a Buddha-image and of the sun and moon, together with a half-circle unalome, placed to govern the yantra as well. The formulas for inscribing these are laid out as follows:

Inscribing the Buddha-image: this is done in three sections together. Inscribe the upper section, which represents the head, first, using this formula: "Makaro sisaphuttha panachayate."

Inscribe the second section, the middle, which represents the body, using this formula: "Akaro ongkhaphuttha panachayate."

Inscribe the third section, the lower part, which represents the feet, using this formula: "Ukaro pathaphuttha panachayate."

[illustration: a small circle; a head resting on a tiered base; a head resting on a two-tiered base]

If the letter "u" sits atop the head, recite this formula when inscribing it: "Ukaro hoti sambhavo — may it come to arise as this 'u'."

[illustration: a small Khom-script character]

Inscribing the sun and moon: the formula inscribed here represents the sun and the moon themselves, which stand as the presiding lords of the world, bringing about growth and flourishing for humankind, animals, and all things upon the face of the earth. When inscribing the moon, use this formula.

If a crescent half-moon accompanies it, use this formula when inscribing: "Trini akkharani atthachanta panachayate."

[illustration: a crescent moon]

If the sun accompanies the moon, use this formula when inscribing: "Chatani phinthusuriya panachayate."

[illustration: a small circle]

Inscribing the unalome: the unalome is simply the letter "u" in Khom script, written upside down. It is a mark signifying the noble ones (ariya) who have attained the highest transcendent Dhamma, whose bonds of craving are utterly severed, who no longer stir as ordinary people do — the breath passes straight through the crown of the head, undisturbed, just as the shape of the unalome is drawn. Therefore, when inscribing the numerals of a yantra, at the final stage of its completion, the unalome must be inscribed to accompany it as well. As for the zigzags at the base of the unalome, three forms are commonly used: three zigzags, four zigzags, or nine zigzags, after which a long straight line is drawn upward. The number of zigzags is not fixed — three, four, or nine may be used, according to preference.

When inscribing the unalome, use this formula: "Unalomapanachayate."

If three zigzags, recite: "Ma-a-u."

If four zigzags, recite: "Namo Buddhaya."

If seven zigzags, recite: "Sangvithapukkayapa."

If nine zigzags, recite: "Asangvisulopusapuka."

When drawing the straight line upward, use this formula: "Satthu pho phuttho."

[illustration: an unalome mark — a zigzagged base rising into a straight line, capped with a Khom-script character]

[illustration: a Buddha image seated on a tiered pedestal, with a Khom character and an unalome above the head, accompanied by a crescent moon and a circle]

This is commonly how it appears.

The completion formula: once every yantra has been completed, one must recite the name-formula proper to that yantra and pronounce its name according to which path it belongs to — for example, if it is for the path of invulnerability, name it "the Invulnerability Yantra"; if for the path of evasion of danger, name it "the Evasion Yantra"; if for the path of loving-kindness (metta), name it "the Metta Yantra," and so on. The name-formula used for this is as follows:

"Namanang samaso yuttako yuttaka — of all names, the noble ones should designate and name the yantra ...(name the yantra as desired)..."

"Anuppatitthanang wuttayo khato — whatever example cannot come to be, the teacher should intend it to be accomplished by this formula."

The formula stated above is the completion formula used for every yantra as standard; even if something is lacking or imperfect, it should be brought to completion by this formula. Furthermore, among the various yantras the forms often differ from one another — for instance, some are made to project out in lotus-petal shapes. If one is inscribing the lines of a yantra as the ancient teachers of old devised and differentiated them, one should hold to the following as the basic formula: "Yantang santang wikrueng khare." And in some cases the teachers inscribed a figure of an arrow, or a figure of a flag; when inscribing these, one may use the formula already given, or one may use a formula specific to each, as follows.

To inscribe a yantra in the shape of a flag, use this formula: "Thachatkhang parittang mangkhalang."

To inscribe the arrow — regarded as the arrow of Narayana (Vishnu), used to guard against various dangers or to subdue enemies — use this incantation: "Om, phetchalalai, drive the arrow-string of Phra Ram, named Phrommat, praiwat, akkhanewat, Om, shake and bind the earth, svaha."

Some versions have it thus:

"Om, phetchanarai, drive the arrow-string of Phra Ram, named Phrommat, praiwat, akkhanewat, Om, shake and bind the underworld, potent throughout, potent across the whole world."

Of these two incantations for inscribing the arrow, one may choose either to use. However, the arrow inscribed with an incantation tends to be the arrow used in yantras connected with working sorcery, or with burying effigies and impressions of various kinds for harmful magic. If the yantra concerns protection from danger, it is customary to use the formula "Yantang santang wikrueng khare" as already stated.

Consecration (Pluk Sek)

Once a yantra has been inscribed, every yantra must be consecrated. Some yantras come with a consecration incantation already provided; sometimes the formula for the inscribing is provided as well, governing it. Such a yantra must be made according to the formula prescribed, and once completed it must be consecrated according to the incantation laid down to govern it. As for some yantras, only the consecration incantation is provided, while the formula to be used for inscribing is not provided; this simply means one should inscribe using the formula already stated. And some yantras provide neither the inscribing formula nor the consecration incantation at all; such a yantra requires one to choose a consecration incantation oneself, selecting an incantation appropriate to the yantra. For example, for a yantra of the invulnerability path, choose an invulnerability incantation to consecrate it; for the path of loving-kindness or protection, use a loving-kindness incantation or a protection incantation to consecrate it; or one may use the Incantation of the Buddha's Virtues, the Dhamma's Virtues, the Sangha's Virtues, the Incantation of the 16 Lords Buddha, or the Incantation of the 4 Lords Buddha — any one of these verses may serve to consecrate it. For some kinds of yantra, it is stated only that it should be "self-consecrated," meaning that the incantation used to inscribe that yantra should itself be drawn out and used to consecrate it.

As for the method of consecration, what matters most is the placement of the mental current. If the intent is for the path of bodily invulnerability, one must set one's mood to be firm and unyielding, undaunted before any weapon or blade whatsoever; the firmer one can make one's resolve, the greater the potency will become. If the intent is for the path of great charm and popularity (metta mahaniyom), one must instead compose the mental current to be gentle, sweet, and cool. The muttering recitation for consecration should proceed according to the method of meditative recitation, carried out until the mind reaches concentration; and in this consecration one should proceed according to the principles of kasina meditation, bringing about the acquired sign (uggaha-nimitta) and the counterpart sign (patibhaga-nimitta), giving rise to rapture (piti) through various manifestations — such as, for instance, the hair standing on end. Only then will the numerals inscribed in the yantra attain their potency in full. Furthermore, in this consecration, even where an incantation is provided for consecrating with one verse or another, one must never forget to blend in the elements (thatu) as part of the consecration as well; one should consider which grouping of elements is appropriate and fitting to the purpose at hand.

The Elements (Thatu)

Another element that forms a crucial component in the matter of mantras and incantations is "the elements," as the ancient teachers have stated as follows:

"Siddhikariya: if one wishes to study the consecrating of anything at all, one must first come to know the elements — only then can one accomplish every kind of working." There is an explanatory saying on this, as follows: these elements form the great foundation; devas, Indra, Brahma, human beings, and all things in this world are able to live and endure only because of the elements. If the elements could not be obtained, these three worlds would perish entirely. For this reason, the elements have been praised as the great foundation; whoever comes to know the elements is greatly blessed indeed.

Na is the water element (apo-dhatu), the element of water that nourishes the body and the mind. Mo is the earth element (pathavi-dhatu), the element of earth. Phut is the fire element (tejo-dhatu), the element of fire, which warms and preserves the body. Tha is the wind element (vayo-dhatu), the element of wind, which envelops life. Ya is the space element (akasa-dhatu); wherever there is space, there is a place of refuge indeed. Na corresponds to the Lord Buddha Kakusandha, water element, 12. Mo corresponds to the Lord Buddha Konagamana, earth element, 21. Phut corresponds to the Lord Buddha Kassapa, fire element, 6. Tha corresponds to the Lord Buddha Gotama, wind element, 7. Ya corresponds to the Lord Buddha Sri Ariya Metteyya, space element, 10.

Taken together, these total 56, the virtues of the Buddhas. If this total of 56 virtues of the Buddhas is divided in two, it gives 28; adding in the 10 of the space element gives 38, which is the virtue of the Dhamma. If the 56 virtues of the Buddhas are divided into four parts, this gives 14, which is the virtue of the Sangha. So: the virtue of the Buddha is 56, the virtue of the Dhamma is 38, the virtue of the Sangha is 14; together these total 108. (The number 108 is held to be a potent number — for instance, reciting a consecration 108 times is considered a consecration that produces sacred potency.) Let all people come to know the virtues of the Buddha, the Dhamma, and the Sangha in this way.

Within these four elements, the space element (akasa-dhatu) simply pervades the empty interval all around; therefore one need only consider earth, water, wind, and fire — four elements in all. Some old masters taught that the space element is Phra Sri Ariya Metteyya [the future Buddha], who has not yet attained enlightenment, so one should instead consider only the four who have already attained enlightenment: Phra Kakusandho (na), Phra Konagamana (mo), Phra Kassapo (phut), and Phra Samana Gotama (tha) — four altogether.

Apo-dhatu, water (na): pha Pathavi-dhatu, earth (mo): ma Tejo-dhatu, fire (phut): pha Vayo-dhatu, wind (tha): tha [as printed on the page — the syllables in parentheses and the bold single-letter forms are given exactly this way for each element]

"Namo Buddhaya" is likened to the great mother-element, the root of the four elements — na-ma-pha-tha. These four elements nourish the compounded physical body; they are the elements drawn out from the great mother-element, Namo Buddhaya. If the four elements remain complete and undistorted, the bodily compound stays free of sickness. Whenever any one of the four becomes disordered, illness arises at once, taking the character of whichever element is disordered. Hence these four elements are themselves the great foundation in the treatises of medical science, used to examine the symptoms of disease and to treat every kind of ailment.

The method of treating disease according to medical practice is to compound medicine, selecting substances suited to the disordered element that needs correcting. But within the occult sciences there is likewise a method of transferring the elements from one person's body to treat another — this is called the transfer of prana, since prana is simply the strength of the various elements present within the human body.

Therefore, in using mantras and incantations to perform any rite, one should first make the elements within one's own body complete, by the method of "setting" the elements and charging them correctly according to the act to be performed. When the elements in one's own body are normal and complete, this in itself is something that helps

This makes the current of mind's power intensify further. As for setting and charging the elements: one should first set the great element, Namo Buddhaya, and only then set the four elements na-ma-pha-tha, together with the accompanying elements ja-pha-ka-sa, which serve as attendants governing the elements once again.

Ja is Apo, the water element. Pha is Pathavi, the earth element. Ka is Tejo, the fire element. Sa is Vayo, the wind element.

To set the water element, recite: "Namo Buddhaya na-ma-pha-tha ja-pha-ka-sa" [repeat]. To set the earth element: "Namo Buddhaya ma-pha-tha-na pha-ka-sa-ja" [repeat]. To set the fire element: "Namo Buddhaya pha-tha-na-ma ka-sa-ja-pha" [repeat]. To set the wind element: "Namo Buddhaya tha-na-ma-pha sa-ja-pha-ka" [repeat]. [Note: each formula is the same base syllables cyclically rotated by one position for each element in turn.]

And charge the elements with four gems, namely: Pha — the Manijoti gem (radiant/moonstone gem) — Apo, the water element Ma — the Phaithun gem (cat's-eye/beryl) — Pathavi, the earth element A — the Wichian gem (diamond) — Tejo, the fire element U — the Patmarat gem (ruby) — Vayo, the wind element

To set the water element and charge it with the Manijoti gem, thus: "Namo Buddhaya na-ma-pha-tha ja-pha-ka-sa pha-ma-ma-pha pha-a-a-pha pha-u-u-pha" [repeat]. To set the earth element and charge it with the Phaithun gem, thus: "Namo Buddhaya ma-pha-tha-na pha-ka-sa-ja ma-pha-pha-ma ma-a-a-ma ma-u-u-ma" [repeat]. To set the fire element and charge it with the Wichian gem, thus: "Namo Buddhaya pha-tha-na-ma ka-sa-ja-pha a-pha-pha-a a-ma-ma-a a-u-u-a" [repeat]. To set the wind element and charge it with the Patmarat gem, thus: [formula continues onto the next page]

"Namo Buddhaya tha-na-ma-pha sa-ja-pha-ka u-pha-pha-u u-ma-ma-u u-a-a-u" [repeat]. [This completes the wind-element/ruby charging formula begun at the bottom of the previous page.]

For these four elements, the masters have laid down four great principal applications: The water element — for the way of charm and loving-kindness (metta). The earth element — for the way of miraculous power, invulnerability, and endurance. The fire element — for the way of exorcism, driving away spirits. The wind element — for the way of invisibility and concealment.

Besides this, there are also elements drawn out to charge one another within oneself — for instance, using the earth element to charge the water element, using the fire element to charge the wind element, or using the wind element to charge the fire element — each drawn from within the same four elements. The masters have laid down the pattern for drawing out an element to charge another as follows:

"Na-ma-pha-tha" [repeat] — earth charging water, with wind as the finishing touch — causes various results to arise. "Ma-tha-na-pha" [repeat] — wind charging earth, with fire as the finishing touch — causes withering and shrivelling. "Pha-tha-na-ma" [repeat] — wind charging fire, with earth as the finishing touch — causes ruin. "Tha-pha-na-ma" [repeat] — fire charging wind, with earth as the finishing touch — causes death. "Na-pha-ma-tha" [repeat] — fire charging water, with wind as the finishing touch — causes durability/endurance. "Ma-na-pha-tha" [repeat] — water charging earth, with wind as the finishing touch — causes safe escape from danger. "Pha-ma-na-tha" [repeat] — earth charging fire, with wind as the finishing touch — causes things to arrive in time. "Tha-pha-ma-na" [repeat] — fire charging wind, with water as the finishing touch — causes one to depart in time. "Pha-na-tha-ma" [repeat] — water charging fire, with earth as the finishing touch — causes paralysis/freezing on the spot. "Tha-ma-na-pha" [repeat] — earth charging wind, with fire as the finishing touch — causes softening, sweetness.

On Making Things Pure

When one is about to write or inscribe any numerical yantra, one must first purify oneself and the various materials to be used in writing or inscribing it, because it is believed that materials brought to a yantra may have passed through something inauspicious, carry defilement, contain impure elements, or have been obtained improperly against morality — and so are unfit to be used for so sacred a yantra. The masters therefore laid down the following method of purification:

"Buddham parisuddho, dhammam parisuddho, sangham parisuddho" [repeat] — Pali for "The Buddha is pure, the Dhamma is pure, the Sangha is pure." This chant is used to dip and purify oneself, the pen, the inscribing stylus, and the various materials used for the yantra.

"Namo Buddhaya, ma-a-u, mettangputte mettangnate mettangsapangphu, arahang, saraphachattang onami" [repeat]. This chant consecrates water for washing the mouth and hands, to purify oneself before beginning the work.

"Ongkarn pinthunathang uppannathang, brahmasahapatinamang, adikappe su-akhato, panjapathumang, thissawa, Namo Buddhaya, wantanang" [repeat]. Consecrate the inscribing stylus three times.

"Yantangsantang" [repeat] — consecrate the pencil. "Akkharanamaphinthu" [repeat] — mark/dot the inscribing stylus. "Kakusandho" [repeat] — mark/dot the inscribing stylus. "Imang pinthukappang karomi" [repeat] — mark/dot the stylus onto the implement. "Imang pinthukappang loha chinatayo parisuddho" [repeat] — mark/dot lead and copper. "Imang pinthukappang nakhasuwanno tapasotanghi" [repeat] — mark/dot silver, gold, and nak-alloy. "Phatiphinthukasi" [repeat] — mark/dot cloth, paper, thread. "Mikkhamillatho ahosi" [repeat] — mark/dot the ink.

Apart from purifying the materials, the writer or inscriber of the yantra must likewise purify himself, as set out in the chants given above: bathe the body, purify the mind, and abide in the Five Precepts, the Eight Precepts, and so on.

Summary of Formulas for Inscribing Yantras

Standard formulas "Tiyantang santang wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing a triangular yantra. "Jatuyantang santang wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing a square yantra. "Yantang santang wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing a round yantra.

"Kesa loma nakha danta taco mangsang naharu atthi atthiminchang vakkang hadayang yakanang kilomakang pihakang papphasang antang antaguṇang udariyang karisang pittang semhang pubbo lohitang sedo medo assu vasa khelo singanika lasika muttang matthake matthalungangti" [repeat] — the traditional Pali enumeration of the parts of the body (hair, body hair, nails, teeth, skin, flesh, sinews, bones, marrow, kidneys, heart, liver, membranes, spleen, lungs, intestines, mesentery, stomach contents, faeces, bile, phlegm, pus, blood, sweat, fat, tears, oil, saliva, mucus, joint-fluid, urine, brain). For inscribing a figural (image) yantra.

"Atthiyantang santang wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing the bone-yantra. "Sandhiyantang santang wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For joining the yantra's lines.

"Jatukonja mahayantang brahmaphaksamahesurang yantang santang wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For closing the corners of a square yantra.

"Brahmaphaksamahesurang yantang santang wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For closing the corners of other yantras. "Akkharayantang upajjati" [repeat]. For inscribing letters. "Lekhayantang upajjati" [repeat]. For inscribing numerals. "Akkharayantang santang wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For binding the letters firm. "Lekhayantang santang wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For binding the numerals firm.

For inscribing the Buddha-figure "Sisa buddha panachayate" [repeat]. For the head. "Ongkha buddha panachayate". For the body. "Pada buddha panachayate" [repeat]. For the feet.

"Thawenetta buddha panachayate" [repeat]. For inscribing the two eyes. "Nasika buddha panachayate" [repeat]. For the nose. "Otthachiwha buddha panachayate" [repeat]. For the mouth and tongue. "Thawekanna buddha panachayate". For the two ears. "Thawethanna buddha panachayate" [repeat]. For the two breasts. "Thawehattha buddha panachayate" [repeat]. For the two hands. "Thawepada buddha panachayate" [repeat]. For the two feet.

[A mantra for inscribing the sacred "u" and its curling unalom mark]: "Ma-a-u atikamulang trithewaphang mahasatra u-u a-a ma-ma mattra u-a-sawa mahamattang ma-a-u lopakeyeyyang angkarasewarachipho ukaro hoti sambhavo" [repeat]. For inscribing the "u" and its crown-symbol. Note: if the unalom curl is not drawn continuing on from the "u", or if sun and moon are not to be inscribed, one should inscribe only the "u" and the unalom above it, using the ordinary letter-inscribing formula instead.

"Trinі akkharani addhachanta panachayate" [repeat]. For inscribing the half-moon (crescent). "Chatani pinthusuriya panachayate" [repeat]. For inscribing the sun above the moon. "Unaloma panachayate" [repeat] — the formula for inscribing the unalom curl is: "Ma a u" [repeat] — waver the pen three times. "Namo Buddhaya" [repeat] — waver the pen four times. "Asangvisulopusaphupha" [repeat] — waver the pen nine times. "Satthupho Buddho" [repeat] — then draw a straight line upward.

[A closing note:] Of all such names bound together, joined and fitted, the wise teacher should assign the yantra its name — here the practitioner inserts the desired yantra's name — [and repeat].

For any example that has not been separately set down and cannot otherwise be accomplished, the master teacher should complete it by means of this formula: "the formula of accomplishment."

Other formulas "...karo hoti sambhavo, may there come to arise as ..." [repeat]. For inscribing a letter. For example, to inscribe "ma", recite the formula thus: "Ma-karo hoti sambhavo, may there come to arise as ma" [repeat]. Or one may instead recite together all the letters already inscribed — for example, having inscribed "Namo Buddhaya", recite thus:

"Namo Buddhaya karo hoti sambhavo, may there come to arise as Namo Buddhaya" [repeat]. "...akhamocha acariya, let it be inscribed as ... akhom" [repeat]. For inscribing a letter. For example, to inscribe "ma", recite the formula thus: "Ma akhamocha acariya, let ma be inscribed as akhom" [repeat]. Or one may instead recite together all the letters already inscribed — for example, having inscribed "Namo Buddhaya", recite thus:

"Namo Buddhaya akhamocha acariya, let Namo Buddhaya be inscribed as akhom" [repeat]. "Buddhang sirasangchatang buddhohmi samuro" [repeat]. Recited while inscribing the Buddha-figure. "Unalomme wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing the unalom. "Yantangsantang nikrungkhare" [repeat]. For drawing the yantra's lines. "Sarayantang ithangkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing letters. "Lekkhayantang ithangkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing numerals. "Akkharanamahonti ehi ehi phantang" [repeat]. For inscribing letters. "Akkharayantang itthiritthi wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing letters. "Akkharayantang mareso wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing letters. "Jatukonja mahayantang ayang ehi nayeyutthane wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For drawing the yantra's lines.

"Akkharayantang ayang ehi nayeyutthane wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing letters. "Atthiyanta mahayantang ayang ehi nayeyutthane wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing the bone-yantra.

"Lekkharayantang ayang ehi nayeyutthane wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing numerals. "Jatuyanta mahayantang santang brahmaphak wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing a square yantra. "Payanta mahayantang santang wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing a round yantra. "Trinіyanta mahayantang santang wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing a triangular yantra. "Tiyantang mahayantang athitthanayantang wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing a triangular yantra bearing no letters, together with closing its corners.

"Atthiyantang santang patang wikrungkhare" [repeat]. For inscribing the bone-yantra. "Pathamang sisa buddha panachayate" [repeat]. First, the head of the Buddha. "Thutiyang ongkha buddha panachayate" [repeat]. Second, the body of the Buddha. "Tatiyang pada buddha panachayate" [repeat]. Third, the feet of the Buddha.

Formula for inscribing the Buddha-figure inside a yantra "Sisa buddha wichayanti" [repeat]. For the head. "Ongkha buddha wichayanti" [repeat]. For the body. "Pada buddha wichayanti" [repeat]. For the feet.

Formula for inscribing the Buddha-figure outside a yantra "Sisa buddha wichayante" [repeat]. For the head. "Ongkha buddha wichayante" [repeat]. For the body. "Pada buddha wichayante" [repeat]. For the feet.

The Sarika Yantra, Male and Female

[yantra: a four-celled square grid outlined with corner-dots, each cell containing a Khom-script syllable that cannot be confidently transliterated]

Male

[yantra: a matching four-celled square grid with different Khom syllables in each cell, likewise not confidently legible]

Female

For this sarika (myna-bird) yantra, one should inscribe it on a sheet of gold; the inscribing stylus used must also be made of gold, and it should be dipped in fragrant oil seven times before the yantra is inscribed. Then recite this chant over it: "Gajjavare anutecha" [repeat]. This chant awakens the male figure, inscribed on the right side. "Silatecha gajjavare" [repeat]. This chant awakens the female figure, inscribed on the left side. Once consecrated, keep it and use it according to whatever [love or attraction] one wishes to arise.

The Sarika Yantra

[drawing: a small bird (sarika/myna) in profile facing left, standing on two legs with a long tail, marked with Khom-script syllables at three points on its body — not confidently legible]

For the sarika yantra: inscribe it on a betel leaf shared between two hearts. When speaking with someone, write down that person's name, then place it on a betel leaf for the two to eat together, so that charm and attraction arise between woman and man. Recite this chant over it: "Om, Lady Sarika, Om, Queen consort, Lady Sita, may Brahma bring a heart of loving charm" [repeat]. This chant consecrates the sarika bird, recited seven times.

The Golden-Tongued Sarika Yantra

[yantra: a circle divided into three wedge-shaped compartments, each containing a Khom-script syllable that cannot be confidently transliterated, the whole ringed by a border of further Khom letters running around its circumference]

For the golden-tongued sarika yantra, one may inscribe it as a takrut (rolled amulet) in lead, silver, or gold, inscribed as the golden-tongued sarika. Then recite this chant over it: "May the tongue be sweet in speech; may the tongue, once it moves, be felt; having heard it, may all find it lovely and dear" [repeat]. This chant consecrates the golden-tongued sarika to bring charm in speech, so that one's preaching, chanting, and singing become pleasing to the hearts of all who hear it.

The Sarika Bird Yantra

[drawing: a myna bird standing in profile facing left, marked with Khom-script syllables at three points on its body — not confidently legible]

This yantra should be inscribed as a takrut, consecrated with this chant: "Sakunnangsarikarang" [repeat]. This chant consecrates the sarika bird.

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Golden-Tongued Mynah Yantra

[yantra: square frame with two lines of khom-script syllables inside, illegible]

For this yantra either gold or silver may be used. Inscribe it as the Golden-Tongued Mynah [yantra] and keep it for preaching and chanting recitals — very effective. Consecrate it with this spell: "Phutthang sarikarang ehi mama" (Buddha, o mynah-tongue, come to me), [recited] 3 [times, per the closing mark].

Golden-Tongued Mynah Yantra, Chimphli (silk-cotton tree) version

[yantra: a square frame with a diamond inscribed inside it; four khom syllables at the four points of the diamond; a set of concentric circles at the centre holding one khom syllable]

When drawing the yantra, recite this formula: "Ehi yantang santang vikarungkhare." When closing the corners of the yantra, recite: "Pha karungkhare." When inscribing the syllable "ma" in the centre, recite: "Phawa unalomā panachāyate ma bangkoetpen unalomā" ([...] arising as the ūrṇā radiance). When inscribing the middle of the yantra, recite: "Ma-sūn, mo-sūn, phut-sūn, thā-sūn, ya-sūn, sārapat sūn, sūn with ma-mo-phutthāya" (empty/void [of harm], made void with ma-mo-phutthāya). Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Satthā deha weha sari vikara vitthāra na ma sārikā lin thong kāro hoti sambhavo piyang mama" ([...] may [I] become dear/beloved). This Golden-Tongued Mynah Chimphli yantra, inscribed on a takrut [rolled amulet tube], is used on the path of loving-kindness (mettā).

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Mynah Yantra

[yantra: triangle shape with a khom syllable in a circle at the centre and one khom syllable at each of the three corners]

When drawing the yantra, recite this formula: "Panja phutthanamāmihang" (homage to the five Buddhas). When inscribing the letters, recite this formula: "Ma cuti sandhi sambhavo bangkoetpen ma" (ma passes away, joins, arises, becomes ma). "A cuti sandhi sambhavo bangkoetpen a" (a passes away, joins, arises, becomes a). "U cuti sandhi sambhavo bangkoetpen u" (u passes away, joins, arises, becomes u). When this Golden-Tongued Mynah yantra is to be inscribed, first apply fragrant oil, then gold leaf and beeswax; inscribe with an iron stylus. It is used on the path of loving-kindness. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Pha-karo kukkusandho siromajche mo-karo konākhamano na lāthiphe phut-karo kassapo phuttho cathaweney-tte thā-karo sri sakkayamuni gotamo cathawekanne ya-karo ariyametrayyo chiwhāthiphe panja phutthā pha mamihang" ([a formula invoking the five past Buddhas by initial syllable]).

Golden-Tongued Mynah Yantra

[yantra: two teardrop shapes joined, side by side, each containing a khom syllable with a zigzag "stem" beneath]

The Golden-Tongued Mynah yantra is used on the path of loving-kindness. Consecrate it with this spell: "Sapha pha to ikawiti so a sa phi so phi sa a phi so sa so" (3 times). This spell is used to consecrate the Golden-Tongued Mynah according to the power of the day [of the week].

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Golden-Tongued Mynah Yantra

[yantra: teardrop-shaped outline with a khom syllable inside and the numeral 3, illegible in detail]

This yantra is called the Golden-Tongued Mynah. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Om pha si, ku ca khat rasi khuen thi na, ku ca khat lueat khuen thi na, khrai hen khrai rak, khrai hen khrai thak, om phra si sitthi sawahom" (I shall raise [my] fortune upon [my] face, I shall raise [my] blood upon [my] face; whoever sees [me] shall love [me], whoever sees [me] shall greet [me]). Consecrate the Golden-Tongued Mynah according to the power of the day [of the week].

Male Mynah Yantra

[yantra: square frame containing khom syllables arranged in four cells]

The Male Mynah yantra should be inscribed on the palm and stroked over the face; it brings great popularity and makes one beloved of lords, princes, and all people alike. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Pha chā siti."

Female Mynah Yantra

[yantra: rectangular frame containing three khom syllables]

The Female Mynah yantra is paired with the male one. It may be inscribed [worn/carried] in dreams [or: while asleep]; do not speak ill of another man's wife. Once inscribed, consecrate it with: "Karamachā" (recited 108 times). When inscribing it, hold a bai sri [ceremonial offering] to honour the teacher, with money attached to a candle — 1 baht 2 salueng — and a length of white cloth; choose an auspicious time carefully.

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Golden-Tongued Mynah Yantra of Khun Phaen

[yantra: teardrop-shaped outline with a khom syllable inside and a jagged "stem" hanging below, illegible in detail]

This yantra is called the Golden-Tongued Mynah of Khun Phaen [a legendary charmer figure]. It may be inscribed [worn] while asleep, or inscribed on a takrut and worn in the mouth. Consecrate it with this spell: "Phā i āma" (recited 108 times).

Vulture-Asks-the-News Yantra, Crow-Asks-the-News Yantra

[yantra: two circles, each with a khom syllable inside and a jagged "stem" hanging below]

These two yantras are a pair, for the path of loving-kindness; they may be inscribed on a takrut worn in the mouth, or worn while asleep. Consecrate them with this spell: "Karamathā kirimiti kereme the."

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Karavek-Bird Yantra

[yantra: a full drawing of the karavek bird [a mythical songbird], encircled by an oval ring of khom-script syllables, with a further ring of khom syllables above, illegible in detail]

For this Karavek-Bird yantra, the teacher instructs that fine gold be beaten thin, and the yantra then inscribed upon it; it serves as a charm for preaching and chanting recitation. Consecrate it with this spell: "Karavekassa rova otthachiwhāya matharang chiwhāwācang satthasutwā sappecana sappepurissa sappeitthiyo pahucano piyāyova piyantunā" (...having heard with faith, may [I] become dear to all people, all men, all women, and the multitude, ever dear to them). This spell consecrates the karavek bird [amulet], recited 108 times.

Karavek-Bird Yantra

[yantra: a triangle with khom-script syllables running around its border, and small khom syllables at the centre, illegible in detail]

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[continuing from the previous page] For this Karavek-Bird yantra, one should inscribe it on a takrut for the path of loving-kindness and great popularity — most excellent. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Chiwhāyang mathurangwācang chiwhāwācanti phussitwā satthangsutwā ca sunthorang piyāyeva piyantunā" (...having heard with faith, [my] speech becomes sweet and pleasing; ever dear, may [I] be dear to them).

Crow Yantra

[yantra: a full drawing of a crow, surrounded by six tablet-shaped panels each containing khom-script syllables, illegible in detail]

This crow [amulet] is valued at one baht-weight of gold; it grants all manner of invulnerability — do not take it lightly, it is very potent indeed. Consecrate it with this spell: "Om phechatri mahāphechatri khong sawāha."

Nok Thidthue [horned-owl] Yantra

[yantra: a square frame with a diamond inscribed within it, and a single khom syllable at the centre]

If there is a legal dispute, write this yantra on all four corners of a cloth, then consecrate it with: "Uchu ca su uchu" (3 times) — [your opponents] shall be unable to do anything against you.

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Iti-pi-so Elephant-Ear Yantra

[yantra: a large circle with khom-script syllables arranged around its circumference, and a stupa-like symbol above and below the circle, illegible in detail]

This is the Iti-pi-so Elephant-Ear yantra. Whoever obtains it will never run out of food; consecrate it oneself, 108 times. If wealth cannot be found, write it and place it in a money pouch — wealth will never be lacking; consecrate it oneself, 108 times. Tie a corner of cloth into a phirot [twisted headband] and wrap it around the head; walking about, no one will see you at all. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Itipiso bhagavā arahang, itipiso bhagavā sammāsambuddho, itipiso bhagavā buddho bhagavā" (Thus is he the Blessed One, the Worthy One; thus is he the Blessed One, the Perfectly Self-Awakened One; thus is he the Blessed One, the Awakened, the Blessed One).

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Iti-pi-so Elephant-Ear Yantra

[yantra: an inverted triangle with khom-script syllables running along its border, and a stupa-like symbol with small khom syllables at the centre, illegible in detail]

This yantra means one will never run out of food. If wealth cannot be found, write it and place it in a money pouch — wealth will never be lacking. Consecrate it with this spell: "Itipiso bhagavā arahang, itipiso bhagavā sammāsambuddho, itipiso bhagavā buddho bhagavāti" (as above). This spell consecrates the yantra, 108 times; it is a great marvel named the Iti-pi-so Elephant-Ear.

Instructions for the Iti-pi-so Elephant-Ear: whoever recites it daily 108 times, any wish will be granted as wished. Sit cross-legged facing east; carve an image of Phra Phrommagavampati [the pot-bellied disciple figure] from raktabush wood, then coat it and place it in oil; recite 108 times; have it "rise up" sitting in the oil, and it becomes a most marvellous vessel of invisibility. If you wish to sing or chant, or to converse with lords and princes, it serves very well indeed. If imprisoned, concentrate and chant straight through 9 times and you will be freed. To become paralyzed/still [render an attacker motionless], press the tongue to the roof of the mouth, recite 11 times, blow out, then stamp the foot 3 times and shout — all manner of spears and swords will fall away entirely. To soften [an enemy's] heart, recite 11 times, stamp the foot — the heart softens; both feet and hands become weak entirely. If bound with rope, turn to face directly toward the knot, recite 19 times, blow toward it, and it will come loose entirely. To extract lead [from a wound] or [use] oil, recite the spell 11 times and apply to the palm — it works well. To sway a crowd, have one recite the spell as if the wind were speaking, 30 times, then blow — [your opponents] will be unable to do anything to you. To protect oneself, recite...

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[continuing from the previous page] ...31 grains of rice, scattered around one's sleeping place — no matter what harm they try, they will never be able to succeed. If someone tries to kill you, consecrate water for washing the face 30 times; consecrating betel to chew, or oil to rub on yourself and on them, works well too — seeing your face, they cannot kill you at all. Before going into battle, consecrate food of every kind 128 times, as a talisman of invulnerability. Tie a corner of cloth into a phirot tail, recite 19 times, wrap it around the head, and going about, they will not see you at all. To ward off every kind of poison, recite 7 times; to turn poison into invulnerability, recite 9 times. If someone pursues you, consecrate a stick laid across the path — when they reach that spot, [the danger] will fight itself off, and that is the end of this [teaching].

Iti-pi-so Elephant-Ear Yantra

[yantra: an inverted triangle with khom-script syllables running along its border, and a stupa-like symbol with small khom syllables at the centre, illegible in detail]

This Iti-pi-so Elephant-Ear yantra: if wealth cannot be found, write this yantra and place it inside a money pouch — wealth will never run short. Consecrate it with this spell, 108 times: "Itipiso bhagavā sammāsambuddho, itipiso bhagavā buddho bhagavā."

This spell means one will never run out of food. Recite it daily, 108 times each day; whatever you wish for, you will obtain as wished. If imprisoned, recite 9 times and you will be freed entirely. To render [an attacker] motionless, press the tongue to the roof of the mouth, recite 11 times, blow out, stamp the foot 3 times, and shout — all manner of spears and swords will fall away entirely.

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Iti-pi-so Elephant-Ear Yantra

[yantra: an inverted triangle with khom-script syllables running along its border, and a stupa-like symbol with small khom syllables at the centre, illegible in detail]

This is the Iti-pi-so Elephant-Ear yantra. Whoever obtains it will never run out of food; write it and place it in a money pouch and wealth will never be lacking. Consecrate it with this spell: "Itipiso bhagavā arahang, itipiso bhagavā sammāsambuddho, itipiso bhagavā buddho bhagavā." This spell consecrates the yantra 108 times; it is named the Sacred Iti-pi-so Elephant-Ear. Whoever obtains it should recite it 108 times every day without fail; whatever they wish for will be accomplished as wished. If imprisoned by others, chant the sacred spell 9 times, blow onto [the bonds], and they will come undone entirely. To render [an attacker] motionless, press the tongue to the roof of the mouth while reciting 11 times, blow out, and stamp the foot upward 3 times — every spear and sword will drop from their hands entirely. To soften [someone's] heart, recite 11 times, blow 3 times — every hand and foot will go weak entirely. If someone binds you with rope, turn to face directly toward the knot of the rope, recite 16 times, blow toward it, and it will come loose entirely. To extract lead, or [to prepare] oil, recite 11 times and apply saliva to the palm — it works well. If pleading a legal case, recall the virtue of the Lord Buddha, consecrate water for washing the face 30 times, and consecrate betel or rice to eat — once they see your face, they will be unable to harm you at all. Tie a corner of cloth into a phirot knot, recite 19 times, wrap it around the head and walk — they will not see you at all. Before going into battle, consecrate food of every kind 128 times, as a protective talisman.

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Auspicious Yantra

[yantra: a row of five repeating chain-link units, each a three-tier lattice of curling akkhara-style syllables joined by crossing diagonal lines, with a connecting arc above and below]

Inscribe this yantra for good fortune: gunfire aimed at the bearer will fall harmlessly like rain and never strike true. Consecrate it with this spell: "Imo asang pati pathawisuphut sophaya lo aya khawaphut pusatha a-a phaphu kamohang." Chant the spell 7 times.

Bullet-Warding Yantra

[yantra: a diamond frame bordered on all four sides by a spiral of khom-script incantation, containing three chedi-like emblems -- one at the top, two flanking at mid-height, one at the bottom]

Once inscribed, consecrate this yantra with: "Iti pi so phakhawa." It wards off bullets very well.

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Sun and Moon Yantra

[yantra: two square-and-diamond figures side by side -- the left (Sun) yantra has a diamond of nine cells each bearing a syllable, with four looping emblems at its outer corners; the right (Moon) yantra has a smaller diamond within a square, its four sides bearing syllables and a stupa-like emblem at its centre]

The Sun and Moon yantras are paired together. Write the petitioner's name inside the yantra, then rub it off as a powder consecrated with this spell: "Itha cetaso thaphang khanhahi thamasa." Chant it 108 times to [word illegible] keep him/her close to you.

Candle-of-Phra-Chimphli Yantra

[yantra: a triangular figure topped with a sun-and-crescent-moon finial, three cartouches of khom syllables stacked down its centre, and a border of khom script running along its slanted sides]

Make the candle wick from one baht-weight of beeswax, using a virgin's thread as the wick. Consecrate it with: "Iti pi so, etc., kakhawati." Chant it 3 times, then place it before an image of the Buddha, reciting continuously with this spell --

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"Pha chaliti" -- recited until the candle burns out entirely; then all people will bring their wealth to you. If making a love-charm, leave out the unalome mark, do not hesitate: write your own name at the top and the other person's name at the bottom, then place it before the Buddha image, reciting the spell continuously until the candle is spent; they will come seeking you.

Wick-Inscription Yantra

[yantra: four small diamonds arranged around a centre point in a cross-shaped cluster, one syllable in each]

This yantra is for inscribing onto a candle wick: write the name in the centre of the yantra, take one baht-weight of beeswax, and recite continuously with this spell: "Pha chaliti pha chaliti." Recite this spell until the candle is spent, facing south.

Trading Takrut Yantra

[yantra: a square crossed by diagonals forming a diamond core, eight syllables arranged around it]

Inscribe this yantra onto an amulet cylinder (takrut) carried for trading; it brings very good fortune in business. Consecrate it with this spell: "Pha chaliti thechaliti piyang mama." This spell consecrates the takrut.

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Phra Chimphli Yantra

[yantra: a diamond inscribed within a square, syllables filling the diamond's interior cells and further syllables ranged along the square's four sides, one label marked by a small arrow]

Wear this yantra tied at the wrist when going to trade; it brings very good profit. Consecrate it with this spell: "Pha chaliti phutthang lapha khaya-uthehimahachaiyalapho cha mahalapho kawantume."

Phra Chimphli Purse Yantra

[yantra: a large right triangle; at left within it, a square-and-diamond figure bearing syllables like the one above, and at right a cluster of khom syllables surrounding a small stupa-like emblem]

Inscribe this yantra onto a purse used to petition for fortune. Consecrate it with this spell: "Pha chaliti phutthang lapha khaya-uthehimahachaiyalapho cha mahalapho kawantume." This spell is for consecrating the purse, so that it brings whatever fortune is wished for.

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Heart-of-Phra-Chimphli Yantra

[yantra: a four-by-four grid of sixteen cells, a repeating cycle of four syllables filling the squares]

Carry this yantra as an inscribed amulet cylinder; buying and selling will go very smoothly. It also serves as a charm of loving-kindness and popularity toward everyone. Consecrate it with this spell: "Pha chaliti chalitipha litipha-cha tiphachali." Chant it 108 times.

Lord Thekhrua Yantra

[yantra: a triangle topped by a stupa-like finial, a short vertical column of khom syllables inside it, and a rolled-scroll emblem at each of its two lower corners]

Inscribe this yantra onto a lump of sugarcane sugar, writing your own name and the other person's name onto it as well; place it in the drinking-water jar. It ends estrangement throughout the whole household. Consecrate it with this spell: "Ma-a-u siwang phrahma itha chaliti." Chant it 108 times.

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Yantra of the Four Lord Buddhas

[yantra: three tall flame-like spires rising from three circular medallions, each bearing a syllable, joined by crossing lines down to two further medallions below -- five medallions in all, arranged in a triangular formation]

This yantra may be inscribed onto a takrut amulet or onto a protective cloth. When inscribing it, do so inside the ordination hall (uposatha), with offerings arranged including a pig's head and a bai-si tray, and have monks chant the Chaiyanto verses over a Buddha image as well; only then will it be truly auspicious. Inscribe and consecrate it with this verse:

"Homage to the god free of human bonds, worshipped by gods and men; homage to him who is beyond desire's snares, I pay homage to the well-gone Victor" -- inscribe the syllable na. "Delusion that has cut off arrogance, delusion proclaimed as ultimate truth, delusion of omniscient knowledge, I pay homage to him who has conquered delusion" -- inscribe the syllable mo. "The Buddha, buddha among buddhas, buddha-nature, what the Buddha has spoken and declared, arrived at buddhahood, I pay homage to him who has conquered as Buddha" -- inscribe the syllable phut. "The elements of all phenomena, the arising of elements as declared, the elements of all who have attained Nibbana, I pay homage to him who has become the elements" -- inscribe the syllable tha. "Where patience is ordained, where the Dhamma bears wisdom, where the Sangha has arrived, I pay homage to that ground" -- inscribe the syllable ya.

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"He who abides in the Dhamma, the Dhamma's teacher, the Dhamma's lover, the Realised One, the Dhamma-seer, the Dhamma-king, lord of the Dhamma, homage to him" -- inscribe the syllable ma. "Worthy One worshipped with offerings, Worthy One free of evil, Worthy One who has attained the fruit of arahantship, homage to the Worthy One" -- inscribe the syllable a. "Supreme, the four Buddhas; supreme, the Dhamma he taught; supreme, granter of liberation; supreme, homage to him" -- inscribe the syllable u.

Whirling Charm of Phra Indra Yantra

[yantra: a cross-shaped figure with four rounded lobes -- top, bottom, left, right -- each bearing a syllable, a syllable at the centre, and stupa- and vase-like emblems set outside the four sides]

This yantra is called the "Whirling Charm of Phra Indra"; made into a face-powder it is especially potent. When inscribing an image of the Buddha, inscribe with this formula: "Iti pi so phakhawa arahang" for the head; "Sammasambuddho lokawithu" for the body; "Anuttaro phakhawati" for the feet. Then consecrate with this spell: "Pha mo phutthaya." Recite this spell until an auspicious moment is obtained.

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Bodhi-Leaf Yantra

[yantra: a square with an inscribed diamond, three syllables along the top edge, one syllable inside the central diamond, three syllables along the bottom edge]

Inscribe this yantra onto a Bodhi leaf drifting down through the air -- it must be caught in mid-sky before it lands. Write the name on it and consecrate with this spell: "Samanithu mamophutthaya." Chant this spell 108 times, then tuck it into the door frame; anyone passing in and out will fall in love with you, unable to bear not seeing your face.

Yantra of the Lord in the Womb

[yantra: a triangular arrangement of four circular medallions -- one at the apex and three below -- joined by crossing lines, topped with a small flame-like finial]

"Thus is the accomplishment of concentration through the Buddha; thus is the accomplishment of concentration through the Dhamma; thus is the accomplishment of concentration through the Sangha." This spell draws out the palace-yantra; while the Lord dwells in his mother's womb, guarding him thus, no enemy is able to do him harm at all.

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Four-Bud Takrut Yantra

[yantra: four repeated three-by-three grids, each with a small stupa-like emblem in the centre cell and syllables filling the eight surrounding cells]

These four yantra discs may be inscribed on lead, silver, or gold. Take dust scraped from a boundary-marker stone and from a chedi, mixed with sandalwood, and coat it with lac. Consecrate with: "Pha mo phutthaya yatha phutmopha." Chant it until recited 108 times.

Single-Bud Takrut Yantra

[yantra: a house-shaped figure with a peaked roofline, a syllable at its apex, four syllables at its rounded corner-lobes, and a vertical column of khom syllables together with a small stupa emblem at its centre]

This yantra, inscribed as a single-bud takrut amulet, grants freedom from all weapons, and even protection amid fire. Consecrate it with these spells: "Pha mo phutthaya" -- chant 108 times. "Arahang" -- chant 108 times. "Itsawasu" -- chant 108 times. "Ka-kha-kha-gha-nga" -- chant 108 times.

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Niello-Inlaid Takrut Yantra

[yantra: a five-pointed star-like figure with a circular medallion at each of the five points, joined by crossing lines, and a cluster of syllables at the centre]

Inlay this yantra onto lead kept over the fire. When inlaying, consecrate with "Pha mo phutthaya" 108 times and "Ka-kha-kha-gha-nga" 108 times, then roll it into a takrut and coat it with lac; consecrate with the spells above, then with "Ma thesi" 108 times, for very great durability.

Twin Bullet-Warding Solitary Takrut Yantra

[yantra: a cross/plus-shaped grid formed of three stacked rectangular bands, each divided into three cells, syllables filling all nine cells]

Consecrate this yantra with "Pha mo phutthaya itsawasu" 108 times, and make it into a solitary takrut amulet; it wards off bullets very well.

Yantra of Escaping Harm

[yantra: two separate two-cell rectangular columns side by side, each split by a horizontal line into an upper and lower cell with a khom syllable in each, and one further khom syllable floating in the gap between them at mid-height — nine khom syllables in total across the figure]

For this yantra, have it drawn onto the palm of the hand, then pour oil over it; consecrate with this spell: "Yamo phutthana samaphima phisathu." Anoint with it to ward off all manner of weapons very well; even grave misfortune cannot touch you at all. Trust it.

Yantra to Counter Black Magic

[yantra: two separate two-cell rectangular columns side by side, each split by a horizontal line into an upper and lower cell with a khom syllable in each, and one further khom syllable in the gap between them]

For this yantra, inscribe it on the bottom of a bowl, then pour water in; then take this spell and consecrate it: "Thewaracha palolalayat taphutthawanti phutthadetche." Once consecrated with this spell, it undoes whatever [black magic] has been worked against you, whether by food or by anointing.

Yantra of the Four Lords

[yantra: two separate two-cell rectangular columns side by side, each split by a horizontal line into an upper and lower cell with a khom syllable in each — one syllable for each of the Four Lords — and one further khom syllable in the gap between the columns]

For this yantra, take sacred white chalk (din sor phong) and write it onto the palm of the hand, calling to mind all Four Lords; consecrate with "Namo phutthaya." Even a sentence of death will not kill you.

Trade Takrut Yantra

[yantra: two separate two-cell rectangular columns side by side, each split by a horizontal line into an upper and lower cell with a khom syllable in each, and one further khom syllable in the gap between them]

For this yantra, inscribe it as a takrut for trading and commerce; it brings excellent favor (metta). Consecrate with this spell: "Simphali cha mahathero thewatana naraphuchito sorahopatchayathimhi mahalakang karontu me." If working it on behalf of someone else, change the ending to "karontu te."

Firearm-Warding Yantra

[yantra: a central circle flanked by two curved bracket-shapes resembling handles, the whole framed above and below by a two-tier stepped pagoda (chedi) emblem, with a khom syllable beside each pagoda and inside each bracket shape]

For this yantra, inscribe it on the palm of the hand, then consecrate with this spell — the Itipiso recollection: "Itipiso bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, vijjācaraṇasampanno, sugato, lokavidū, anuttaro purisadammasārathi, satthā devamanussānaṃ, buddho bhagavā ti" ("Such is the Blessed One: worthy, perfectly self-awakened, endowed with knowledge and conduct, well-gone, knower of the world, unsurpassed guide of persons to be tamed, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed"). Press it to your forehead when facing an enemy — most extraordinary; have no doubt about it at all.

Yantra for a Beeswax Cosmetic Tin

[yantra: a circular figure divided into nine cells (three by three), a small stacked pagoda emblem in the center cell, khom syllables in the eight surrounding cells]

For this yantra, inscribe it on the bottom of a beeswax cosmetic tin — it grants charm and allure over people generally. Consecrate it with this spell: "Namo phutthaya."

Yantra Inscribed on a Betel Leaf, "Hearts United"

[yantra: a four-lobed interlocking loop shape like a cloverleaf or infinity-knot, a cluster of three stacked khom syllables at the top stem, one khom syllable in each of the four lobes, and one more khom syllable where the loops cross at the center]

For this yantra, write it on a betel leaf for a woman to eat so that hearts are joined — she must come to love us; have no doubt about it at all. Take "Phamo phutthaya, ma a u," consecrate 7 times; then take this spell and call out her name: "Ma a u siwang phrommachittang, ehimaphantang, ma, maphima, itthima, maphimamama."

Yantra for a Takrut

[yantra: a rectangular border containing a flame-like emblem above a stacked pagoda base at the center, flanked by two khom syllables, with a line of cursive khom script running along the bottom of the panel]

For this yantra, inscribe it as a takrut; consecrate with "Phamo phutthaya," 108 [times]; "Ma a u," 108 [times]. Use thread spun by an unmarried, chaste maiden as the binding cord — very excellent indeed.

Solitary Takrut Yantra

[yantra: a flame-like finial above a circle flanked by two crescent-moon shapes, a khom syllable on each side of the circle, below which sit two stacked X-shaped (bowtie) lattices packed with khom syllables at each arm, and one further syllable at the bottom point]

For this yantra, inscribe it as a takrut, then consecrate with this spell: "Kakhawa namo phutthaya na maphatha maau." Consecrate the takrut with this spell 108 times. If going to see a nobleman, prince, or lord, recite while stroking it behind you [out of sight]; if going to see a woman, stroke it in front of you while reciting, then stroke it behind you again on the way back. If going into deep forest and taken with fever, tie on this takrut — it wards off fever and every kind of ghost and evil spirit; nothing can harm us at all.

Yantra of Escaping Harm

[yantra: a six-pointed star (hexagram) with a khom syllable at each of the six outer points and a seated Buddha/stupa emblem in the center]

For this yantra, inscribe it onto a bodhi leaf, then consecrate with this spell: "Namo phutthaya." Carry it on your person into battle — even if bullets come like a downpour of rain, they will not touch our body at all.

Yantra for a Handkerchief

[yantra: a square containing an inscribed diamond, decorative spiked flourishes at the square's four corners, khom syllables at the four points of the diamond and two more flanking a small stacked pagoda emblem at the center]

For this yantra, wipe [your face] with it each morning before going to seek favor from a nobleman; consecrate with "Phamo phutthaya," 108 times — most efficacious indeed.

Yantra of Escaping Harm

[yantra: an oval, ribbon-like cartouche containing two stacked khom syllables]

For this yantra, inscribe it on paper and tuck it behind the ear; bullets fired will never strike you — most excellent indeed. It wards off every kind of harm without exception; it has proven itself many times already. Consecrate it with this spell: "Na lom, mo pit, phut mit, tha lom tua, ya son hua, phutto tano hang bang sattanang winat santi, thammo tano hang bang sattanang winat santi, sangkho tano hang bang sattanang winat santi, thammo, phutthang bang chakkhu, thammang bang chakkhu, sangkhang bang chakkhu, phutthang bang mit, thammang bang chit, sangkhang bang chit." Recite this spell as you consecrate the yantra, and go about — enemies cannot harm you at all.

Yantra of Narayana's Transformation

[yantra: a flower-like cluster of heart- and petal-shapes with a khom syllable in each — one at the top stem, one in the central heart, two in the side petals, and two more in the lower petals]

For this yantra, inscribe it in the palm of the hand as great loving-kindness toward all people of the world — whoever sees our face will see it as though Narayana had transformed [to appear before them]. Consecrate with this spell: "Na metta mo karuna, phut pranee, thayindee, yaendu."

Yantra to Immerse the Body

[yantra: a grid of sixteen cells (four by four), a diamond at the center containing three stacked circular emblems and a further khom syllable below them, khom syllables filling the twelve outer cells]

For this yantra to be made effective, write it onto a palm leaf, then take a bronze bowl and draw water with it early in the morning before the crows have crossed [the sky]. Place this yantra into the bowl to steep in the water, then take this spell and consecrate: "Chaphakasa." Take lotus blossoms and consecrate until every petal of the lotus is used up; take that water and pour it over the head, and drink what remains — it will be highly effective.

Yantra to Shut the Door Against Enemies

[yantra: a grid of twenty-four cells (four rows of six), each filled with a khom syllable]

For this yantra, inscribe it on lead to seal a house door, warding off every kind of enemy; consecrate with this spell: "Phamo phutthaya." Consecrate this yantra 3 times.

Yantra Warding Off Sorcery

[yantra: a rectangle divided by a horizontal line — the upper half shows three stacked pagoda emblems, each surmounted by a khom syllable with further khom syllables flanking them, the lower half bears a single line of cursive khom script running the width of the panel]

This yantra wards off sorcery worked against you; inscribing it as a takrut is fine, or inscribing it on paper to seal a house is also fine. Consecrate with this spell: "Phama phaa phokphapaka koapha phaakaang." Consecrate this spell 7 times.

Great Invulnerability Yantra

[yantra: an oval border ringed with cursive khom script (not confidently legible), enclosing four small stupa emblems arranged in a 2x2 pattern, each containing a khom syllable, with two further khom syllables between them at the center]

For this yantra, you may draw it with black or white chalk pencil, then consecrate with these spells as follows: "Namo phutthaya," consecrate 108 [times]. "Ma a u," consecrate 108 [times]. "Iti paramita tingsa, iti sappannyu makata, iti photi manuppatto, iti piso cha te namo," consecrate 108 [times] — it makes one impervious to gunfire, very effective indeed.

Single-Flower Takrut Yantra

[yantra: an oval border ringed with cursive khom script, enclosing a grid of nine cells crossed by diagonal lines, a seated Buddha/stupa emblem in the center cell, khom syllables in the remaining eight cells]

For this yantra, make it as a single takrut, inscribed with black tin. When making it, do so on a Saturday or a Tuesday; pay proper respects, with fragrant powder and fragrant oil for anointing, and flowers, incense, and candles as available — thus made effective. Consecrate it with this spell —

[continuing the consecration for the Single-Flower Takrut Yantra from the previous page] "Namo phutthaya," consecrate 7 times. "Iti paramita tingsa, iti sappannyu makata, iti photi manuppatto, iti piso cha te namo," consecrate 7 times.

Yantra of the Four Elements

[yantra: a grid of sixteen cells (four by four), each containing a khom numeral-like character, diagonal cross-lines linking the cells]

For this yantra, inscribe it with black tin and make it into a solitary takrut; consecrate with this spell: "Namaphatha, maphathana, phathanama, thanamapha," 108 times — it grants great invulnerability (kong krapan).

Yantra for a Ring

[yantra: a row of four diamond shapes in a chain, each containing a khom syllable, with small petal-like tick marks radiating from the points of each diamond]

For this yantra, inscribe it on a ring for lasting invulnerability; consecrate with this spell: "Namaphatha," consecrate 108 times. "Trinisinghe sattaphake, panchaphet chalukanjo, chatuthewa, chawatcharacha, panchaindra, namewacha, ekayakkha, nawathewa, panchaphrommasahatpati, thewaracha, atthaarahanta, panchaphutthanamamihang," consecrate 108 times.

Namo-Tabot Yantra

[yantra: a peanut-shaped outline made of two joined oval bands; four khom syllables sit in circles at the upper and lower crossing points, with two further khom syllables set uncircled between them in the middle] This yantra is to be inscribed onto a takrut; it is an excellent stopper-charm [against harm]. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Tanti tanto namotanti tantitako namona" [chant].

Great Stopper (Maha-ut) Yantra

[yantra: a small three-tier pagoda shape, each tier holding its own khom syllable, encircled by a ring of further khom syllables] This yantra is a great stopper against gunfire and an excellent charm for consecrated oil; it belongs to Khrua Pho Thao of Wat Nong Pho. When inscribing it upon an image, inscribe it following this formula: "Pathamang sisang phutthā panachayate" [chant] — inscribe on the head. "Tutiyang angkha phutthā panachayate" [chant] — inscribe on the body. "Tatiyang pātha phutthā panachayate" [chant] — inscribe on the feet. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Patuwitang thuto thuna thuto sasikakhawa" [chant], reciting it 108 times.

Four-Elements Yantra

[yantra: a square with a khom syllable circled at each of its four corners, and one further khom syllable inside the central square] "Itithikamang piyangmama akhatchahi" [chant] — this spell consecrates the four elements. If making a love-binding charm, take two betel-vine leaves, inscribe this yantra on them, then place them face to face; keep one of ours on top, and place it under the sleeping-mat — she will love us.

Buried Curse-Ward Yantra

[yantra: a four-petalled flower shape encircling a small central spiral, with a khom syllable in each of the four petals] Take a stick that has been used to prod a corpse-spirit and thrust it in following this yantra, then bind it with sacred cord according to the yantra. Gather earth to encircle the boundary, place it in a pot and bury it, then make offerings for seven days and seven days more, then declare the boundary as ours. Consecrate with this spell: "Lue jora jora-ithi, lue jora jora-ithi, rue jora jora-ithi, rue jora jora-ithi" [chant]. Consecrate it yourself; the spell keeps thieves from approaching. When inscribing the syllables within the yantra, inscribe them with this spell: "Yan cha phetcha, wikringkhare" [chant].

Great Stopper (Maha-ut) Yantra

[yantra: a square of four cells in a 2x2 grid, each cell holding a khom syllable] This yantra is called the Great Stopper; inscribe it onto a takrut. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Imang kayaphanthaphang athitthami" [chant].

Yantra for a Cigarette Blown Over a Woman

[yantra: a square with an inscribed diamond; a khom syllable sits in each of the square's four outer corners, four more sit at the diamond's side-points, and a further khom syllable stands in the diamond's centre] For this yantra, take a banana leaf that has covered a corpse's skull and inscribe the yantra on it; write her name in the centre of the yantra, then overlay it with our own name. Roll it into a cigarette and blow the smoke into the air upwind of her — she will love us. Consecrate it with this spell: "Iti pho tarunochato, ehi ehi samakhama" [chant].

Niello-Inlay Yantra

[yantra: a square with an inscribed diamond, khom syllables at the square's corners and at the diamond's side-points, a syllable in the diamond's centre, and a further ring of ornamental clubs and khom syllables running around the outside] This yantra is inscribed in niello-work on lead, or it may be done in copper, silver, or gold-alloy; then it is melted down [into an amulet] and must be fire-tempered before use. It wards off tusks and every kind of weapon, and all manner of violent harm; it can be shown scorn and comes to no harm — it is truly excellent. Consecrate it with this spell: "Namaphatha, maphathana, phathanama, thanamapha, kingkaranang khathesi ahang phuwathawa phutthachanami thammachanami sanghachanami" [chant].

Four-Elements Yantra

[yantra: a 4x4 grid of sixteen cells each holding a khom syllable, framed on all four sides by clusters of further khom syllables and by radiating spike-like marks at the corners] This Four-Elements yantra may be inscribed on a takrut, or tattooed onto the body; it wards off every kind of blade and all manner of danger, and turns aside every weapon — sparing only spears and lances, one need fear nothing else. "Namaphatha, phutthasangmi" [chant] — consecrate with this spell.

Diamond-Deflection Yantra

[yantra: a rounded double-lined oval band enclosing a short line of khom script] The Diamond-Deflection yantra: when drawing the yantra, recite: "Phuttho lokanatho, thammo lokanatho, sangkho lokanatho" [chant] — this spell accompanies the drawing of the yantra. "Aksonyan tangmaranaso wikringkhare" [chant] — this spell accompanies the inscribing of the syllables. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Phra phetchalik phutthang phetchalik, phra phetchalik thammang phetchalik, phra phetchalik sanghang phetchalik" [chant] — consecrate with this spell.

Earth-Goddess (Thoranee) Yantra

[yantra: a jar-shaped outline; four khom syllables hang tassel-like from its mouth, a pair of crossing diagonal lines fills the body with a khom syllable at each side, and a further row of khom syllables runs along the base] This Thoranee yantra may be inscribed in copper, then rolled up carefully; it is for approaching officials and lords — however angry they may be, if one carries this yantra in the mouth, they cannot punish one at all; it wards off everything whatsoever. If making it, choose a good auspicious hour; when making it, set up a bai sri offering-tray, canopy the ceiling for good fortune, and only then inscribe this yantra for whatever use is wanted. Consecrate it with this spell: "Kachaphaa, phakachasa, phakasama, pasathawa" [chant] — this spell consecrates the yantra.

Heart-Essence Yantra of Phra Karani

[yantra: a square with an X formed by its two diagonals, a khom syllable set within each of the four triangular quarters] This yantra is truly excellent. The teachers of old said that anyone who would succeed at courting must know this yantra; without knowing it, one cannot be a successful suitor at all. To make a woman love you, take a betel-vine leaf, write her name on it, stamp the yantra over it, then stamp our own name over that again; then consecrate it with this spell: "Cha phakasa, phakasacha, kasachapha, sachaphaka" [chant]. Keep it under the sleeping-mat — she will love us and come seeking us.

Great Charm (Maha-sane) Yantra

[yantra: a square with an inscribed diamond touching the midpoints of its sides; a khom syllable sits in each corner of the square, and a further syllable stands at the centre of the diamond] This yantra is an excellent charm of great loving-kindness and attraction; inscribe it on a takrut and keep it on the body. To work it on someone, write their name in the centre of the yantra, then consecrate it with this spell: "Cha phakasa, phakasacha, kasachapha, sachaphaka" [chant], 108 times — it is an excellent charm of great attraction.

Heart-Essence Yantra of Phra Karani

[yantra: a 4x4 grid of sixteen cells each holding a khom syllable, framed on all four sides by clusters of khom syllables, with a small stupa shape above the top edge and wavy flourishes at the four outer corners] This yantra may be inscribed on lead, on copper, on silver, or on gold; once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Cha phakasa, phakasacha, kasachapha, sachaphaka" [chant], 108 times — it serves for every purpose in the way of invulnerability, and is truly excellent.

Heart-Essence Yantra of Karani

[yantra: a peanut-shaped outline of two joined oval bands; four khom syllables sit in circles, two above and two below, joined by crossing diagonal lines] For this yantra, make a powder and put it in a lime-container [used with betel], and have the woman eat it — she will love us. Consecrate it with this spell: "Cha phakasa..." [continues, page ends]

Phra Chimphli Yantra

[yantra: a three-tier stacked-oval pagoda shape, each tier holding a khom syllable, surrounded above by four further khom syllables set like rays] Write this yantra onto the palm of the hand, then consecrate it with this spell: "Matayathaniyang puttang chimphli cha mahathero sappalapha wipatsanti therassa anuphawena sattha honti piyangmama lakanauttamo hoti chimphli iti wisutto soraho patchayatimhi mahalakang phawantume" [chant]. The Phra Chimphli spell carries very great power; consecrate the yantra 3 times, 7 times, onto the palm of the hand, then rub both hands together and stroke the hair. Wherever one goes, one will never lack for food; whatever one wants will be granted as wished, just as if by one's own mother.

Amulet-Inlay Yantra

[two small square grids of nine cells each, each cell holding a khom syllable; a small stupa-shaped cluster of syllables is set beside them] This yantra goes on the front. This yantra goes on the back. This yantra is inscribed as an amulet-inlay, on both the front and the back; then consecrate it with this spell: "Hangsangmangsang tangmangsang panyapatiti chalang phachatana" [chant]. Consecrate it as one is able to obtain; it gives both endurance and toughness, and is truly excellent — seek out the right method for using it.

Single-Bead Takrut Yantra

[yantra: four separate blocks of four cells each, arranged around a small central diamond mark to form an overall cross-like layout, every cell holding a khom syllable] Inscribe this yantra onto a single-bead takrut, then consecrate it with this spell: "Ma a u" [chant] — consecrate 108 times. "Namo phutthaya" [chant] — consecrate 108 times. When making an offering to complete it properly, use one set of bai sri offerings, popped rice, flowers, incense and candles; make the offering and it will take effect. Inscribe it on a Saturday, Tuesday, or Thursday.

Loving-Kindness Yantra

[yantra: three stacked ovals, each holding a single khom syllable] The Loving-Kindness yantra is a great marvel. Inscribe the yantra onto the palm of the hand, then consecrate it with this spell: "Ma metta cha maharacha, sappa senha cha puchita, sappa sukhang, sappa krotang, sappa sattru winat santi. A metta cha maha sena, sappa senha cha puchita, sappa sukhang, sappa krotang, sappa sattru winat santi. U metta cha maha chana, sappa senha cha puchita, sappa sukhang, sappa krotang, sappa sattru winat santi" [chant]. Consecrate 3 times, 7 times; it is excellent for approaching officials. Render the beeswax [for the charm] under the moon and the sun, on a Saturday or Tuesday, for best effect.

Pillowcase Yantra

[yantra: several concentric circles forming a spiral or target pattern, with a short khom inscription of a few lines set at the very centre] Inscribe this yantra into the underside of a pillowcase, with our own [pillow] resting on top; once the woman's name is inscribed she must dream of us, until she is compelled to come and ask after us. When making the yantra, summon it with this spell: "Siwang phrahma, ehi chittang, piyang mama, na phuk chit, mo phuk chai, phut hai on, tha hai rak, ya en du, na rangap toso, mo lalai khwamkhit, ku cha thamlai duangchit, lumlong nguaingong rak ku, ehi mama" [chant]. After making the yantra, summon it further with this verse: "Om, all you human beings, you once sat curled in your mother's womb, both hands folded over your chest, the umbilical cord wound about your neck — pha changngang, ahang ka changngang, namo phutthaya" [chant]. Consecrate 7 times; done this way it works well, as has been described.

Yantra on a Betel-Vine Leaf, Laid Beneath the Sleeping-Mat

[yantra: a three-lobed flower shape with a small stupa-top ornament, one khom syllable in each lobe, set beside a square grid of twelve cells each bearing a mark] Inscribe both of these yantras onto betel-vine leaves and lay them face to face together, then consecrate them with this spell: "Phutthanussati, thammanussati, sanghanussati, namo phutthaya, ma a a" [chant]. Consecrate this spell 7 times, then keep it under our sleeping-mat; when going to sleep, embrace and kiss it for 3 days — if she does not see our face [during that time], she will go mad with longing.

Chatri (Invulnerability) Yantra

[yantra: a triangular figure with a khom syllable in a looped roundel at each of its three points, and a small stepped stupa drawn at its centre] Tattoo this yantra in the middle of the back; it grants lasting invulnerability. Consecrate it with this spell: "Ma a u, khawampati, lokantiti."

People-Protecting Yantra

[yantra: a triangular figure with a khom syllable in a looped roundel at its apex and at each of its two base corners] This yantra was given by the Buddha as a gift to all people. Have it written on a rolled sheet of paper and tied over the ear when going into battle; it grants protection against every kind of weapon. When inscribing the syllables "Ma a u" into the yantra, inscribe them by rotating the three syllables through each position: "U a ma" — ending on ma. "Ma u a" — ending on a. "Ma a u" — ending on u.

When inscribing "i sawa su," inscribe it by rotating the three syllables through each position: "Su sawa i" — ending on i. "I su sawa" — ending on sawa. "I sawa su" — ending on su. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Ma a u, u a ma, u ma a, i sawa su, su sawa i, su i sawa, namo phutthaya." Consecrate it for 108 repetitions. Tie the yantra over the ear and recite "i sawa su" while carrying it. When facing an enemy in battle, chew and swallow the yantra; it grants very great invulnerability.

Yantra for Remembering the Divine (Love Charm)

[yantra: a triangular figure with a khom syllable in a looped roundel at its apex and at each of its two base corners] This yantra is to be written on a love-leaf and placed under one's pillow. Write the desired person's name onto the leaf, then inscribe the yantra stamped over the name, and consecrate it with this spell: "Na, my heart softens with love; mo, drawn to lie down and embrace me; phut, wrapped and clasped in the height of longing and affection; tha, wiping away the tears that come; ya, unable to bear seeing my face, weep and come to me. Sawaha akatcheyya akatchahi, ehi cittang piyang mama." Having consecrated it, keep it under one's own pillow and recite the consecrating spell until falling asleep; whoever truly loves us will be compelled to come to us.

Bullet-Sealing Yantra

[yantra: a small figure held in the mouth together with lead shot, a khom syllable in each of its lobes] This yantra is to be written on a piece of lead and held in the mouth; when shot at, the bullet will not go off at all. Consecrate it with this spell: "Na uttarang picca."

Great Escaping-Danger Yantra

[yantra: a triangular figure topped with a stepped stupa finial, a khom syllable in a central roundel and in each of four petal-like lobes at its base] This yantra comes from the Pathamang scripture. Worn on one's person it grants very good fortune in escaping danger; it may also be made into a cloth takrut or protective cloth charm. Inscribe it and consecrate it with this spell: "Ittho sabbaññutañāṇaṃ icchanto āsavakkhayaṃ, iṭṭhaṃ dhammaṃ anuppatto iddhimantaṃ namāmihaṃ" — ending on i. "Sawakatantang siwang rammang sawakaneyyang thammathesanang, sawahuneyyang punyakkhettang sawasaphang namamihang" — ending on sawa.

[continuing the "Great Escaping-Danger" spell:] "Sutthasilenasampanno sutthapattocayosangpho, sutthaorasasaphotharo sutthaerangpi namamihang" — ending on su. "Kayamapannasattaphang kayanghapetinayoko, kawesappheatikkanto kayasantang namamihang" — ending on ka. "Khathitoyenasatthammo khatanyanenapanipang, khanhapheeyangwaradhammang khanhapetangnamamihang" — ending on kha. "Wapitangpawarangthammang wanamokkhayaphikkhupang, wasitangpawarethamme wanahangnamamihang" — ending on wa.

Diamond-Evasion Yantra

[yantra: a triangular figure topped with a stepped stupa finial and a syllable above it, a khom syllable in each of four inner cells] This yantra may be written on lead or on copper; it grants very good fortune in evading harm. Consecrate it with this spell: "Na phut, na phat, na phit — the Lord who creates wonders, the Lord who works miracles: err against the Buddha, err against the Dhamma, err against the Sangha. Phuttho evade, thammo evade, sangkho evade. Phuttho swerve away, thammo swerve away, sangkho swerve away. Phuttho escape, thammo escape, sangkho escape."

Thief-Warding Yantra

[yantra: a three-lobed clover-shaped figure with a khom syllable in each lobe] Establish this yantra according to one's own intention; thieves will not be able to take one's belongings at all — but do not use it to harm them. When performing the rite, set out one baht's worth of rice as a khwan offering and do not let it fall short; this belongs to the old lay-elder ("khrua pho thao") of Wat Nong Pho. Consecrate it with this spell: "Phayamothaphut aphaphangphuwisasupulo." Then recite this spell to awaken it: "Kakhawa." This consecrates and awakens the yantra.

Three-Legged Rabbit Yantra

[yantra: a figure topped with a stupa finial, a central roundel with a khom syllable above two smaller roundels, with numerals written beneath] This yantra may be worn as face-powder, made into a takrut, cast in metal, or written on a palm leaf; it serves for every kind of protection against binding curses ("chang-ngang"), grants good fortune in escaping danger, and is very durable — a very good charm indeed. When drawing out the yantra's power, recite as follows: "Phaakkharehewa itthiritthiwikrungkhare yantangsantang namamilam." When inscribing "phakhawa" into the yantra, inscribe it with this formula: "Phayamapannasattaphang phayanghapetinayoko, phawesappheatikkanto phayasantang namamihang" — ending on pha.

[continuing the previous formula:] "Khathitoyenasatthammo khatanyanenapanipang, khanhapheeyangwaradhammang khanhapetangnamamihang" — ending on kha. "Wapitangpawarangthammang wanamokkhayaphikkhupang, wasitangpawarethamme wanahangnamamihang" — ending on wa. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Phakhawa, phakhawa, cover the ears, shut the eyes, and sleep; stop up the mouth and nose. I sawa su, su sawa i, i kawiti, ti wika i, pha ma pha tha, tha ma na pha. In the darkness: na, faint away; mo, be unseen; phut, dissolve away; tha, dissolve away; ya, though struck down I do not die — vanish now! Phuttho of myself, may they utterly perish and be destroyed; thammo of myself, may they utterly perish and be destroyed; sangkho of myself, may they utterly perish and be destroyed. Buddhang conceal the mind, dhammang conceal the mind, sanghang conceal the mind." [The spell continues, cycling the syllables na/mo/phut/tha/ya through concealing the binding-curse, concealing one's standing, and concealing the mind.] This spell consecrates the yantra.

Yantra Written on a Palm-Leaf Charm

[yantra: three hanging charm-strands, each a coiled spiral roundel containing a khom syllable, with a zigzag cord above each] This yantra is to be written on a palm leaf and made into three charm-blossoms (phitsamon). Consecrate it with this spell: "I sawa su" — consecrate for 108 repetitions. "Thusamani" — consecrate for 108 repetitions. "Caphakasa" — consecrate for 108 repetitions.

[continuing the palm-leaf charm's consecration:] "Namo phutthaya" — consecrate for 108 repetitions. "Mettañca sabbalokasmiṃ [...]" — consecrate for 108 repetitions. "Itipiso [...] kakhawati" — consecrate for 108 repetitions. "Asisati [...] naphutsanti" — consecrate for 108 repetitions. "Itiparamita [...] catenamo" — consecrate for 108 repetitions. Made into charm-blossoms, it grants evasion of every kind of weapon.

Danger-Evading Yantra

[yantra: an elongated capsule-shaped figure crossed by diagonal lines into four diamond cells, each holding a khom syllable] This yantra is to be made into a takrut worn tied at the waist; one will never be struck by blade or spear. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Ikawiti, kawitii, witiika, tiikawi." Consecrate for 108 repetitions.

Great-Fortune Banner Yantra

[yantra: a square figure with a khom syllable at each corner and each side's midpoint, and another in a central roundel, with small flag-like tufts of strokes drawn just outside each corner]

This yantra is to be made into a banner and hung from the roof of one's house; good fortune and profit will never be lacking. Consecrate it with this spell: "Chimphli ca mahathero thewatanaraputchito sorahopaccayathimhi mahalaphang phawantume nachaliti cittang ahangwantha namamihang."

Nine Supramundane Dhammas Yantra

[yantra: a circle divided into a 3×3 grid of nine cells, each holding a khom syllable] This yantra has very great power. Worn as a cloth takrut or protective charm on one's person, whoever carries it will not die by any perverse mishap; it also helps prolong life and keeps one free of every illness and affliction. Once inscribed, consecrate it with "Arahang sukhato phakhawa" for 108 repetitions.

Betel-Leaf Charm Yantra for Women's Affection

[yantra: a 3×3 square grid, each of the nine cells holding a khom syllable] This yantra is to be written onto a betel leaf and consecrated with this spell: "Namo phutthaya yathaphutmo na asangwisulopusapuka." Then chew it and hold it in the mouth while speaking with any woman whatsoever; once she has spoken with us she will be unable to get up and leave.

Golden Lotus Yantra

[yantra: an eight-petalled lotus flower, each petal and the centre holding a khom syllable] This yantra has very great power. Ground on a whetstone with sandalwood water and applied to the forehead, it grants great popularity and charm; however angry someone may be, once they see one's face their anger vanishes completely. Made into a single takrut, it grants lasting fortune. Consecrate it with this spell: "Asangwisulopusapuka," reciting it 7 times.

Victory-Banner Yantra of Phaharakhun

[yantra: a large staggered table of cells — nine rows, each one cell shorter than the last — every row ending in a small stupa icon and a repetition count, filled throughout with khom syllables] This yantra is to be written on white cloth and made into a banner; cloth taken from the top of a cremation stupa ("pha yot meru") is best of all. Make the banner's pole from chai phruek wood, and keep it enshrined at the house; it wards off lightning, fire, and every kind of danger. Going into battle, tuck the banner at one's back; when in dire straits, raise and wave the banner while reciting the spell — even should weapons fall like a rain-storm, they will be unable to harm us at all. Consecrate it with this spell:

[continuing the banner's consecration:] "Asangwisulopusapuka" — consecrate for 108 repetitions. "Sambuddhe atthawisañca phutthomeamhakangpakarang thawathasañcasahatsake thammomeamhakangpakarang panyasattasahatsani sangkhomeamhakangpakarang namamisirasaahang sappheputthachanacittang tesangthammañcasangghañca sapphethammachanacittang athorena namamihang sapphesangghachanacittang namakaranuphawena maausantawa sapphaeupatthawe uama aneka antarayapi namophutthaya winatsantu asesato yathaphutmona" — consecrate for 108 repetitions.

First-Syllables Yantra

[yantra: a dense grid of roughly forty-two cells arranged in rows and columns, each filled with a khom syllable, with a small stupa icon in place of a syllable in one central cell] This "First-Syllables" yantra may be worn as a protective cloth charm or as a single takrut; it serves for every purpose. Consecrate it with this spell: "Ka cha kha gha nga, ca cha cha jha ya, ta tha da dha na, ta tha tha tha na, pa pha pha pha ma, ya ra la wa, sa ha pha la ang, a aa i ii u uu e o" — thus the whole alphabet is bound into the syllables. "Diamond-lasting for the body: enduring while seated, enduring while standing, enduring while asleep, enduring while awake, enduring by day, enduring by night. Na dwells in the left eye, mo in the right eye, phut at the front, tha at the chest, ya at the back. Asangwisulopusapuka, sangwithapukayapa." Consecrate for 108 repetitions.

Three-Bloom Charm Yantra (Yan Phitsamon Sam Dok)

[yantra: three separate square grids side by side, each divided into cells filled with khom syllables, not confidently legible]

This yantra is inscribed as three "blooms" of the phitsamon charm; wear it wrapped anywhere on the body and it grants an aura of power like a deity's — even climbing into someone else's house, one goes unnoticed. If someone comes seeking a quarrel or accusation against you, soak this phitsamon charm in water, add kaffir lime and soap-pod (som poi), and wash the hair with it — the matter cannot be pursued at all, even a capital charge comes to nothing. When inscribing it, prepare the offerings properly for it to take effect: inscribe one panel on tiger hide, one panel on [phak leaf-material], one panel on lead, then consecrate with this spell: 'Ka kha kha gha nga, ja cha cha cha ya, ta tha ta ta na, ta tha ta tha na, pa pha pha pha ma, ya ra la wa, sa ha pha ang, a a i i u u e o, iti maha akkhara phanthang, phetcha khong nang, phetcha khong khong, khong thang nang, khong thang yuen, khong thang lap, khong thang tuen, khong thang klang wan, khong thang klang khuen, na yu ta sai, mo yu ta khwa, phut yu na, tha yu ok, ya yu lang, a sang wi su lo pu sa phu pha, sang wi tha pu ka ya pa' — recite 108 times.

Ghost-Warding Yantra (Yan Kan Phi Pop)

[yantra: a nine-cell grid filled with khom syllables, with a stacked-tier pagoda (chedi) drawing in two of the center cells]

This yantra, inscribed on a takrut, wards off the phi pop spirit; consecrate it with this spell: 'Pha mo phutthaya.'

Crystal-Lamp Yantra (Yan Prathip Kaeo)

[yantra: three concentric circles, each ring divided into radial cells filled with khom syllables]

This yantra is inscribed on a lead sheet and steeped in oil, made into a lamp and lit as an offering to invite good fortune; or the lead sheet may instead be soaked in drinking water — this cures agitation of mind and heart entirely. If made into a lamp, offer it with this spell: 'Na cha li ti, sitthi lapha, san na chit ta, sa tha ho ntu, sap phe cha na, pha hu cha na, sap phe thi sa, sa ma kha ta, phutthabucha, thammabucha, sangkhabucha, kala phochana, wikala phochana, sappha lapha, maha laphang pha wan tu me.'

Yantra Warding Off Plague and Great Bandits

[yantra: a nine-cell grid, several cells containing stacked-tier pagoda (chedi) drawings]

This yantra wards off plague (khai ha) and great bandits; inscribe it on a takrut or a cloth amulet, and it also serves to ward off blows. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: 'Pha ma pha a, po ko pha ka, ko o po o, pha a ka ang' — three times or seven times.

Yantra of the Sixteen Buddhas

[yantra: a 4x4 grid of khom syllables at center, with eight rays radiating outward, the ray-tips alternating between a small spire (chatra) ornament and a bead-cluster ornament]

This Yantra of the Sixteen Buddhas is inscribed onto a single takrut; consecrate with this spell: 'Pha ma pha a, po ko pha ka, ko o po o, pha a ka ang' — recite 108 times. It grants invulnerability against every kind of weapon. Chant over water and sprinkle it on a fever, and the fever is cured; chant over goods offered for sale and they sell well and profitably, moving briskly — good for up to 108 uses. Chant over rice before eating for invulnerability. Chant over water used to wash the face, and it wards off anything at all — use it according to whatever one desires.

Yantra of the Sixteen Buddhas

[yantra: a second variant — a 4x4 grid of khom syllables at center, with eight rays radiating outward, all ray-tips ending in bead-cluster ornaments]

This yantra, inscribed to seal the pillar of a fine house, is beyond price; inscribed onto a takrut it grants durability/invulnerability. Consecrate it with this spell:

'Pha ma pha a, po ko pha ka, ko o po o, pha a ka ang' — recite 108 times.

'Tri ni singhe, sattha phake, pancha phet chalu kanjewa, chattu thewa, cha wat cha racha, pancha inthrana mocha, eka yak kha, pha thewa, pancha phrahma sahamapati, tha we racha, attha a ra hanta, pancha phutthana mamihang' — recite 108 times.

Yantra of the Sixteen Buddhas

This yantra is inscribed on the front: [yantra: a nine-cell grid, the middle row showing a three-tiered pagoda (chedi) drawing in each cell]

This yantra is inscribed on the back: [yantra: a lattice of crossed diagonal lines forming a diamond pattern, with khom syllables]

These two yantras are both inscribed onto a single takrut; they must be made on a Saturday or a Tuesday for them to take effect. Once inscribed, consecrate with this spell: 'Pha ma pha a, po ko pha ka, ko o po o, pha a ka ang.' Recite this sixteen-syllable spell 108 times.

Yantra of the Sixteen Buddhas

[yantra: interlocking scalloped bands forming sixteen circles woven together, each circle enclosing one khom syllable]

This yantra may be inscribed on a takrut or a cloth amulet; it grants resistance to spear and sword. It may also be inscribed on lead mixed with lac resin and made into a phitsamon charm worn at the waist. Consecrate it with this spell: 'Pha ma pha a, po ko pha ka, ko o po o, pha a ka ang.' If going before officials, slide it to the left side, chanted 9 times. If someone means to kill you, slide it to rest on the lower belly, chanted 4 times, and the danger dissolves entirely. To ward off every kind of enemy, slide it to the right side, chanted 3 or 9 times. If kept at the lower belly, chanted 3 times, a stabbing blade will not go in to the hilt. To make a woman love you, slide it to the left side, and men and women alike will love you. To fight tigers and elephants, keep it in front, and great fortune results.

Loving-Kindness Takrut Yantra (Yan Takrut Metta)

[yantra: a central square containing three khom syllables, surrounded on all four sides by rows of khom syllables]

This yantra is to be inscribed on a thin sheet of beaten gold, making it a great and wondrous thing; when going to preach, to chant, or to appear before a lord or ruler, it brings great and favorable charm. Consecrate it with this spell: 'Chiwaha yang mathurang wachang, chiwaha wachati, phutsitwa cha suntharang, piya yewa piya yanti.'

Millionaire's Heart Yantra (Yan Hua Chai Setthi)

[yantra: a nine-cell grid with a stacked-tier pagoda (chedi) drawing at the center, khom syllables repeating across the surrounding eight cells]

This yantra may be inscribed on a takrut for durability/invulnerability, or soaked in fragrant oil or raw sesame oil. Consecrate it with this spell: 'Se phu se wa se ta a se' — 108 times. Rub the oil on the body for good durability/invulnerability.

Single Takrut Yantra (Yan Takrut Dok Diao)

[yantra: a nine-cell grid with a stacked-tier pagoda drawing at the center, framed by rows of khom syllables along all four outer sides, with a bead-cluster ornament at each of the four outer corners]

This yantra may be inscribed on a sheet of gold, silver, or lead. Consecrate it with this spell: 'Se phu se wa se ta a se' — recite it 108 times. Make it into a single takrut. If going before officials, slide it to rest on the right side, and they will love you at first sight. To make a woman love you, take a rak leaf and write the woman's name upon it, together with her full year, month, and day of birth; rub that rak leaf along the takrut's cord and slide the takrut to rest on the left side; then rub the rak leaf against your own chest, and she will come to you. To make everyone love you, rub cowrie-shell-scale grass (ya klet hoi) along the takrut's cord and slide the takrut to rest at the back — everyone will love you.

Solitary Takrut Yantra (Yan Takrut Thon)

[yantra: a diamond inscribed within a square frame; illegible khom text at the diamond's center; one khom syllable in each of the four corner triangles; a spire-and-bead-cluster ornament at each of the four outer corners of the square]

This yantra is inscribed on a sheet of gold, silver, or tin, made into a solitary takrut worn at the waist, then consecrated with this spell: 'Wi we su we, a ya we ya, pha ma pha tha, pha ka a pi' — recite 108 times. Hold a blade against it and it will not stab through.

Enduring Takrut Yantra (Yan Takrut Khong Thon)

[yantra: a diamond inscribed within a square frame, a small stacked-tier pagoda drawing at the center, one khom syllable in each of the four corner triangles, khom-script text running along all four outer edges of the frame with small arrows pointing to it]

This yantra is inscribed on the front: [yantra: a nine-cell grid]

This yantra is inscribed on the back: [yantra: a nine-cell grid, with a small pagoda drawing in one cell]

These two paired yantras [the front and back designs from the preceding page] may both be inscribed onto a single takrut, and are self-consecrating; use this spell to consecrate: 'Ka ra ma tha, ki ri mi thi, ku ru mu thu, ke re me the' — the spell that encircles the yantra. Both yantras grant durability/invulnerability — have no doubt of it.

Bullet-Warding Yantra (Yan Kan Puen)

[yantra: a figure-eight-like shape of four interlaced petal-loops, khom syllables filling each loop, a small stacked-tier pagoda drawing inside a small circle at the center, and a short khom-script inscription radiating diagonally from each of the four outer loop-tips]

This yantra may be inscribed on a head-cloth, or on a sheet of silver or gold made into a takrut, or on paper to make an auspicious charm. Once inscribed, consecrate it with these spells:

'Ka ra ma tha, ki ri mi thi, ku ru mu thu, ke re me the' — recite 108 times.

'Namo phutthaya' — recite 108 times.

'Ma a u' — recite 108 times.

'Tri ni singhe, sattha phake, pancha phet chalu kanjewa, chattu thewa, cha wat cha racha, pancha inthrana mocha, eka yak kha, pha thewa, pancha phrahma sahamapati, tha we racha, attha a ra hanta, pancha phutthana mamihang' — recite 108 times.

This yantra is exceedingly powerful; recite the spell that encircles the yantra while wearing it, and no bullet will ever strike the wearer. Its worth has been set at four chang of gold — even fired at from all eight directions, none will find their mark.

Endurance Yantra (Yan Khong Thon)

[yantra: a square frame with a bead-cluster ornament at each corner and khom-script text running along all four outer edges, enclosing crossed diagonal lines forming a small diamond grid, one khom syllable in each resulting cell]

This yantra is inscribed on a takrut for durability, protecting against spear-thrusts and blunt blows, granting resistance to everything. Consecrate it with this spell: 'Isa wirama sa phuttheva savaha.'

Yantra of Great Brahma (Yan Thao Maha Phrom)

[yantra: a circle divided into a nine-cell grid, one khom syllable in each cell]

This yantra is inscribed and pressed to the palm, then touched to the forehead, granting great charm. If going to see a woman, she will love you; even facing the death penalty, the moment she sees your face she will love you more than her own children. This yantra belongs to Great Brahma; it is a supreme charm of favor. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell:

'Ma ti ya te, ma te ya ti, ma te thi na, ma tha ti te, ma tha he sa, ma sa he tha, ma sa cha ti, ma ti cha sa.'

When drawing/invoking the yantra, recite this formula:

'Eka yanta, maha yantang, phrom mahaphak, mahesurang, yantang santi wikrueng khare.'

When drawing the skeletal/bone frame of the yantra, recite this formula:

'Atthi yantang, santang wikrueng khare.'

When inscribing the letters, recite this formula:

'Akson yantang, santang wikrueng khare.'

All-Purpose Yantra (Yan Saraphat Chai)

[yantra: a six-petaled flower/clover shape, khom syllables filling each petal]

'Ma ti nya pho, ma pho nya ti, ma pho ta tang, ma tang ta pho, ma tang cha sang, ma sang cha tang, ma sang ma ti, ma ti ma sang' — this spell consecrates the yantra, and this spell may be used a thousand times over. Should anyone try to bind you or surround you, draw this yantra on your right palm, then pour oil into the palm, dip the spell into it once, twice, or three times, then smear that oil on your forehead and rub it over your whole body going downward: every enemy surrounding you will see you as though you were a tiger and will be unable to do anything to you at all — one trick. If they manage to seize you and try to cut you down, they still cannot do it — another trick. They will see you but be unable to address or accost you — another trick. Write this yantra on a betel leaf, wrap it with the quid (miang) and hold it in the mouth when going before officials, ministers, or any of the nobility, and it wards off every kind of misfortune — another trick. Write this yantra on the palm, or on cloth as an amulet-wrap, and it wards off crossbows, firearms, bows, spears, swords, lances, and every kind of pike — none can reach you — another trick. Write this yantra on copper and make it into a phitsamon charm tied at the waist, and it becomes a charm of love from all people — another trick. Write this yantra on a lotus blossom and dip the spell into it fully fourteen times; steep that lotus in oil, and it becomes a charm of love from all people.

One method: write this yantra and tuck it into a corner of a cloth; wherever you go, it makes you very charming. One method: write this yantra and place it inside a candle, dipping it while reciting the spell 18 times, then offer the candle to a Buddha image; one may thereby wish for friends and companions. One method: dip [the paper/wick] while reciting the spell every day, and at midnight recite it 108 times; people everywhere will have faith in you at all times. One method: put crude oil into a joint of bamboo, consecrate it by reciting the spell 108 times, then take hold of a leech; once consecrated, write this yantra on a piece of paper and wrap the leech in it, then take it and release it — this is the correct method. Take the paper that wrapped the leech and strike it over your whole body, then release [leech and paper] into water; it will never be able to bring harm upon you.

Great Brahma World-Illuminating Yantra

[yantra: a square frame with a small circle at each of the four corners, divided into a 3x3 grid of nine cells filled with syllables, with further characters running along the outside of the top, bottom, left, and right edges of the frame — the akkhara are in a decorative script and not confidently legible]

Caption: This yantra is placed on the front.

[yantra: a square frame with a small triangle at each of the four corners, divided into a 3x3 grid of nine cells filled with syllables, with further characters along the outside of the frame — akkhara not confidently legible]

Caption: This yantra is placed on the back.

This yantra should be inscribed as a single takrut, worn on the front and on the back; it wards off everything, and it is also for loving-kindness and great popularity. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell:

"Ma tiya pho ma no ya ti ma no ti tang ma tang ti pho ma tang pa lang ma lang pa tang ma lang ja ti ma ti ja lang," [closing mark], consecrate 108 times.

"Jatu ro phawa mo thawe cho tri ni panja satta attha eka chatthi tha rentu sappa sotthi phawantu me," [closing mark], consecrate 108 times.

Eight-Direction Anti-Theft Yantra

[yantra: eight separate small squares, each divided into a 2x2 grid of four cells filled with syllables, meant to be posted so as to cover all eight compass directions — the akkhara are in a decorative script and not confidently legible cell by cell]

"Ma tiya te" [repeat], "Ma te ya ti" [repeat], "Ma ha ti te" [repeat], "Ma te ti na" [repeat], "Ma ha he ma sa" [repeat], "Ma sa he ma na" [repeat], "Ma ti thi sa" [repeat], "Ma sa thi ti" [repeat].

These eight verses of the spell, made into yantras for the eight directions and posted all around the house, mean thieves cannot do it any harm at all. Reciting them while going into battle also works.

Yantra of the Ten Jataka Lives

[yantra: a square frame with a small circle at each of the four corners, containing a diamond inscribed within it; syllables sit at the outer corners and along the sides, with one character at the center of the diamond — akkhara not confidently legible]

This Yantra of the Ten Jataka Lives is truly of the greatest excellence. Whoever encounters this yantra will never run out of food to eat. If wealth cannot be found, have this written and placed inside a money pouch — it is very good indeed; consecrate it with this spell: "Techa sune ma phu ja pha wiwe" [closing mark]. Also, if you wish to consecrate yourself with it, write this yantra on the bottom of a bowl and consecrate it yourself 108 times; you will become supremely wealthy in money and gold, beyond comparison.

Yantra of Wealth and Fortune

[yantra: a smaller square containing an inscribed diamond, with lines radiating outward like an eight-pointed star to eight points, each bearing a character — akkhara not confidently legible]

This Yantra of Wealth should be made into a takrut and kept where valuables are stored; those valuables will never run short, and one will never know want. When inscribing the "na" syllable at the center of the yantra, inscribe it with this formula: "Phaye parang yutte" — may it bring money, gold, and goods into this place [closing mark].

Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Techa sune ma phu ja pha wiwe" [closing mark].

Solitary-Takrut Inscription Yantra

[yantra: a 4x4 grid in which the four syllables "Phra A Ra Hang" (from the Buddha-epithet "Phra Arahang") are written out, each successive row a cyclic rotation of the same four syllables so that all four appear once in every row and column]

This yantra should be inscribed on a solitary takrut, then consecrated with "Phra a ra hang" [closing mark], 108 times; its endurance is extraordinary, beyond compare. When inscribing each letter, recite as follows:

"Phra, akkhara yantang santang wikrueng khare mi" [closing mark] — inscribe "Phra."

"A, akkhara yantang santang wikrueng khare mi" [closing mark] — inscribe "A."

"Ra, akkhara yantang santang wikrueng khare mi" [closing mark] — inscribe "Ra."

"Hang, akkhara yantang santang wikrueng khare mi" [closing mark] — inscribe "Hang."

Yantra of the Four Lord Buddhas

[yantra: a small square divided into a 2x2 grid of four cells, each holding a syllable — akkhara not confidently legible]

This yantra should be inscribed on a takrut tied at the waist; it wards off every danger very well. Consecrate it with this spell: "Pha ka cha pi" [closing mark], 108 times.

Great Invulnerability Yantra

[yantra: a square frame divided into a 3x3 grid; the center cell holds a drawing of a small stupa/chedi, the eight surrounding cells hold syllables, and diagonal lines run from the chedi out to some of the corner cells — akkhara not confidently legible]

This yantra should be inscribed in copper and made into a solitary takrut, consecrated with this spell: "Utthang attho tho utthang at" [closing mark]; it serves well for great invulnerability.

Yantra of Subduing (Kan Sakod)

[yantra: a rectangular grid of small cells filled with syllables, arranged in rows — akkhara not confidently legible]

This yantra, placed under a pillow, means nothing can overpower or subdue you as you sleep. Consecrate it with this spell: "Ma phe si ma phe si kingkaranang ahang pitang chamami chamami — I now understand you, you can do nothing at all — Phuttha techena sappha satru winat santi" [closing mark]. This spell consecrates the yantra 108 times.

Yantra of Subduing (Kan Sakod)

[yantra: a rectangular grid of small cells filled with syllables, arranged in rows — akkhara not confidently legible]

This yantra may be placed on a pillow, put into white cloth, or onto paper, and kept covering the head at the place where one sleeps; it wards off every kind of danger, which then cannot touch you at all. If a thief enters the house it will wake you. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Ma tesi ma tesi kingkaranang ma tesi ahang pitang chamami chamami" [closing mark]. This spell consecrates the yantra 108 times. When about to sleep, use this spell to awaken the yantra: "Ehi Buddhang, akkhara yantang santang wikrueng khare. Ehi Dhammang, akkhara yantang santang wikrueng khare. Ehi Sanghang, akkhara yantang santang wikrueng khare" [closing mark].

Yantra for a Takrut Against Tooth and Blade

[yantra: a triangle enclosing syllables, with further characters written along its three sides — akkhara not confidently legible]

This yantra should be inscribed on a takrut; neither tooth nor blade will strike us. "Pha ma thukkhang, pha a anijjang, pha u anatta" [closing mark]. This spell awakens the takrut, [recited] 7 times.

Diamond-Deflecting Yantra

[yantra: a trefoil/pretzel-like figure of three interlocking loops meeting at a central crossing point, with a syllable-group written at the top and at each of the two lower loops, and a further syllable-group at the very center where the loops cross — akkhara not confidently legible]

Once this yantra is inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Buddhang — may we glance off the Lord's footfall and go astray [of harm], Dhammang — may we glance off the Lord's footfall and go astray, Sanghang — may we glance off the Lord's footfall and go astray" [closing mark]. This spell consecrates the yantra as a Diamond-Deflector.

Diamond-Deflecting Yantra

[yantra, front placement: a square divided into a 5x5 grid of cells filled with syllables, with a small image of a seated Buddha in the center cell — akkhara not confidently legible. yantra, back placement: the same trefoil/pretzel figure of three loops as above, with syllables at the top loop and the two lower loops and at the center]

This yantra should be inscribed on a takrut: inscribe the Three Refuges on the front, and the Diamond-Deflector on the back. When inscribing the letters, recite: "Akkhara namo hoti, ehi e phantang" [closing mark].

When drawing the yantra [in the air], recite: "Yantang santang, wikrueng khare" [closing mark].

Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Buddhang arahang phetchalik saranang gacchami, Dhammang arahang phetchalik saranang gacchami, Sanghang arahang phetchalik saranang gacchami" [closing mark]. [This] means one is spared from all manner of weapons.

Great Invulnerability Banner Yantra

[yantra: a stepped, tapering grid of cells narrowing from a wide top row down to a single cell at the bottom, filled throughout with syllables, with decorative bow-like flourishes at the top and bottom ends — akkhara not confidently legible]

This banner is named "the Buddha's Refuge Formula"; it is a great invulnerability, and consecrates itself. Recite this spell over it: "Asi sati thapu jewa sappe te awuthani ja, phakka phakka wijunnani, lomang ma mena phussanti" [closing mark], recite 108 times. When inscribing the letters, walk them out as a cipher-pattern; begin the rite properly. Have a gun fired at you 3 to 7 times; if it does not fire, keep having it fired — the gun itself will break apart — and this is a very good sign of being spared from harm. One should invoke it to keep with oneself always; it is truly of the greatest excellence. [It belongs] to the venerable Chao Khun Yanasomphoch (Am) of Wat Maha That, the capital.

Crown of the Lord Buddha Yantra

[yantra: a circle divided by concentric rings into sectors, each sector filled with a syllable — akkhara not confidently legible]

This yantra is for inscribing onto a prajiat cloth; it grants presence and radiance, and constant invulnerability of the body. Consecrate it with this spell: "Itipiso wisese i, isesa Buddha na me i, imena Buddhatang so i, isotang Buddhapiti i" [closing mark].

This yantra, inscribed on a takrut, is of the greatest excellence; consecrate it with this spell: "Itipiso wisese i, isesa Buddha na me i, imena Buddhatang so i, isotang Buddhapiti i" [closing mark]. Consecrated with this spell, a gun will neither strike you nor even fire at all — whether it misfires or holds, [you are protected] either way.

Yantra of the Crown's Pinnacle

[yantra, front placement: a circle divided by concentric rings into sectors filled with syllables. yantra, back placement: a flower-like figure of many pointed petals arranged in concentric rows around a central circle, each petal and ring filled with syllables — akkhara not confidently legible in either figure]

This yantra may be inscribed on a hat, or on a head-wrapping cloth; it grants lasting endurance and being spared from all manner of weapons, which cannot do harm at all. When inscribing it, be careful to check the auspicious time — a Saturday or a Tuesday. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell:

"Ittha tho sappannyuta nyanang ijchanto asawakkhayang, ittha thang thammang anuppatto, itthimantang namamihang" [closing mark], consecrate 108 times.

"Itipiso wisese i, isesa Buddha na me i, imena Buddhatang so i, isotang Buddhapiti i" [closing mark], consecrate 108 times.

"Trini singhe satta nake, pancha phet chalu kanjewa, jattu thewa chawaj characha, pancha inthra name wa ja, eka yakkha pha thewa, pancha phrahma sahampati, thawe racha attha arahanta, pancha phutthanamamihang" [closing mark], consecrate 108 times.

Thirty-Aspect Ghost-and-Demon-Warding Yantra

[yantra: a circle divided by two concentric rings into sectors, each sector holding a numeral or syllable — akkhara not confidently legible]

This yantra may be inscribed on a hat, a takrut, or a prajiat cloth, and placed to cover the head where one sleeps; it wards off every manner of spirit, ghost, and demon, which cannot bring harm upon us. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Iti paramita tingsa, iti sappannyu makata, iti pothi manuppatto, iti piso ja te namo" [closing mark], consecrate 7 times.

Thirty-Aspect Mara Yantra

[yantra: a 6x6 grid of cells, each inscribed with a khom syllable, not confidently legible]

Make this yantra as a single takrut; it withstands every weapon, most excellently. Consecrate it with this spell: "Phutthang saranang gajchami, thammang saranang gajchami, sanghang saranang gajchami" (I go for refuge to the Buddha, to the Dhamma, to the Sangha) -- consecrate this spell 3 times. "Iti paramita tingsa, iti sappanyumakata, iti bodhima phuppatto, iti piso ja tenamo" -- consecrate this spell 108 times. When going into battle, recite thus: "Na ya mo tha phut, phutthamonaya" -- 108 times; this divine mantra may be used for anything.

Sukittima Yantra

[yantra: a 6x6 grid of cells, each inscribed with a khom syllable, not confidently legible]

This Sukittima yantra may be inscribed on lead or on a palm leaf, or on a sheet of silver or gold. Consecrate it with: "Sukittima subhajaro susilava supakato yassasima wachetiro kessarova asambhito" -- consecrate 108 times, or according to the day's power. Then place it in a bowl or a bottle, then pour in good fragrant oil to soak it, and keep it as a charm of attraction; nobles, lords, kings, women and men of every kind will all fall under its spell -- use it and it turns out very well.

Sukittima Yantra

[yantra: a circular figure of two concentric rings -- the inner ring divided into cells bearing khom syllables, the outer ring divided into curved segments each bearing a khom syllable]

This yantra is a supremely excellent charm of loving-kindness and great popularity. Wipe it on your face each morning as a charm of affection; place it in a bowl of water for washing the face to subdue and overawe others -- it grants power like that of the lion king. Inscribed on a sheet of metal and soaked in fragrant oil, it anoints the features very well; kept with a lip-balm case, it makes one's words pleasing to hear. Consecrate this spell 108 times, very well indeed. "Sukittima phuphajaro susilava supakato yassasima wachetharo kessarova asambhito"

Heavenly Flower Yantra

[yantra: two 6x6 grids side by side, each cell inscribed with a khom syllable]

This yantra goes on the front This yantra goes on the back

This yantra may be inscribed on silver or on gold; it may also be used as something wiped on the face each morning -- it serves every purpose in loving-kindness excellently. Even if someone is angry with you, their anger will vanish; on seeing your face they will love you greatly. Recite this spell: "Piyo devamanussanang piyo brahmamanuttamo piyo nagasupannanang pinindriyang namamiham" "Sokaviratacittoyo sokamanosadevake sokappattepamodevato sokavannang namamiham"

Weapon-Warding Lord Buddha Yantra

[yantra: a 6x6 grid of cells with khom syllables; the center cell holds a drawing of a small chedi (stupa) in place of a syllable]

Make this yantra of black lead as a takrut, or as a cloth amulet; it protects against every weapon, so that no harm at all can come to us. "Asisatithaphujewa sappetheawuthathinicha phakkhaphakkhawichunnahi lomangmamenusanti" -- consecrate this spell 108 times.

Wild Rooster King Yantra

[yantra: a grid of cells with khom syllables]

This Wild Rooster yantra: soak it to make holy water, which may be used to treat illness, fever, sickness, and boils or swelling. Wash the face with that holy water every day for great auspicious fortune, and no harm can come to you. If you wish for crops to flourish, bearing fruit and flowers abundantly, sprinkle that holy water on them and they will bear fruit as desired. Also, one may soak the yantra in fragrant oil, then take that oil to anoint the face and body, becoming

...an object of loving-kindness and great popularity. Consecrate it with this spell: "Wethasaku kusathawe thayasata tasayatha sasathiku kuthisasa kutakuphu phukutaku" -- consecrate this spell 108 times.

Crow King Yantra

[yantra: a pyramidal arrangement of grid cells inscribed with khom syllables, topped and flanked by small stupa-shaped ornaments]

If you wish to gain good fortune with this yantra, inscribe it on teak-wood paper, then pile rice grains on top of the yantra. Consecrate it with this spell: "Thewakani nikawathe wahikasu sukahiwa kakarepha pharekaka nisuphaya yaphasuni" -- then let a crow eat [the rice]. Once the crow has eaten, it will fly off and perch on whatever house it lands on; the owner of that house will bring good fortune to you.

Phra Chimphali Candle Yantra

[yantra: a tall rectangular frame with three stacked stupa-shaped devices arranged vertically down its center; the left and right borders carry vertical lines of khom/Pali script, not confidently legible]

If this Phra Chimphali candle yantra is used to make a charm of attraction, inscribe it as the wick of a candle; write the target person's name on it as well, for an excellent charm of loving-kindness and great popularity. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this sacred spell: "Itthiyokaraniyochato ehi piyangmama simphalichamahamang sappalaphangkawisati" -- then recite this sacred spell continuously until the candle burns down completely; it will be efficacious.

Mahaut (Total-Invulnerability) Yantra

[yantra: a square frame bordered on all four sides by lines of cursive khom/Pali script, not confidently legible; inside, three further lines of khom script above two small chedi-shaped ornaments flanking an endless-knot symbol]

"Pathamang pinthukangchatang na -- closes the eyes" -- inscribe [glyph: a small ring mark] "Tutiyang thandamawcha mo -- renders unseen" -- inscribe [glyph: two small circles joined by a line] "Tatiyang phethakanjewa phut -- seals the mouth" -- inscribe [glyph: a crossed-loop mark] "Jatutthang angkusamphawang tha -- seals the ears" -- inscribe [glyph: a crossed-loop mark] "Panjamang sirasangchatang ya -- rests above [the head]" -- inscribe [glyph: a doubled crossed-loop mark] "Pathamang pinthukangchatang na -- jangngang, placed on the left" -- inscribe [glyph: a round dot] "Tutiyang thandamawcha mo -- jangngang, placed on the right" -- inscribe [glyph: two dots joined by a line]

"Tatiyang phethakanjewa phut -- conceals, in front" -- inscribe [glyph: a spiral hook] "Jatutthang angkusamphawang tha -- conceals, behind" -- inscribe [glyph: a spiral hook] "Panjamang sirasangchatang ya -- conceals, at the head" -- inscribe [glyph: a spiral hook] "Asangwisulopusaphuka satthuphophuttho" -- inscribe [glyph: a small pagoda-tower mark] "Thawirunto sinlasamathi, thawiruntanichiwarang, thawirunjangngang saranangkajchami, tha phetchakhong khong tri phetchakhong khong sanphatkhong khong" -- inscribe [glyph: a larger pagoda-tower mark]

This yantra is the Mahaut [total-invulnerability charm], granting invulnerability together with concealment and stillness of the body. Once inscribed, consecrate it with this spell: "Phraphutthooutthaware phrathammoutthawarang phrasangkhoutthawan phamophutthaya-utphutat -- tha matthangpakasento utthangatto satthaaha thoutthangat atthiimasming-at utthetayanjakkhumaut meamu-u -- thawirunto sinlasamathi thawirutanichiwarang thawirunjangngang saranangkajchami tha phetchakhong khong tri phetchakhong khong sanphatkhong khongkhong -- na (closes the eyes), mo (renders unseen), phut (seals the mouth), tha (seals the ears), ya (rests above) -- na jangngang on the left, mo jangngang on the right, phut conceals in front, tha conceals behind, ya conceals at the head; asangwisulopusaphuka namaphatha patiliyati anthakarenaonatha -- na (closes the eyes), mo (renders unseen), phut hides away, tha lies concealed, tha vanishes -- na stills the mind, mo shuts the heart, phut lets nothing be said, tha dissolves, ya subsides and the mind relaxes, na melts away, mo dissolves, phut seals the mouth, tha seals the ears, ya remains still: sunnyakaro hotisambhawo"

Four-Lord Candle Yantra

[yantra: a lotus-bud-shaped device with three petal-like lobes, each bearing a syllable, above two cartouches reading "day of the owner" and "name of the owner"; below, a diamond-lattice grid with a syllable at each intersection]

Pha stands for the Albino Rat Lord. Ma stands for the Albino Tiger Lord. Wa stands for the Albino Elephant Lord. Tha stands for the Albino Mole Lord. When inscribing, write these four syllables first, then write the syllables "wa-nyu-pha-sa-ja-ka-tha-ka." Once the thousand-candle yantra is inscribed, consecrate it thus: "Maphinthawaphangpho jakamphasamphawa suthasi saranangwani maihangphinrataphang muphinthawathaphang phochakamphasamphawasuthasi" -- consecrate this spell 3 times, or 7 times. Use one salueng weight of beeswax; make the wick as long as [a length equal to] the person's age, or 7 strands will also do. When venerating it, hold in mind: "May I possess power like the Albino Rat Lord, the Albino Tiger Lord, the Albino Elephant Lord, and the Albino Mole Lord; and may fortune and offerings arise for me, bringing silver, bringing gold, bringing goods, according to my wish." When performing this, one must have flowers, incense, and candles as offerings, then make this candle yantra as an offering: the first day, 3 candles; the second day, 5 candles; the third day, 7 candles. If the offering continues for all three days without a break, it is most excellent indeed.

Palm-Stroking-the-Chest Yantra

[yantra: a 3x3 grid of cells, each inscribed with a khom syllable]

Inscribe this yantra on the palm of the hand, writing the desired person's name in the center of the yantra. Consecrate it with this spell: "Ahang sinehathutawa" -- then stroke your chest with that hand and recite continuously until you fall asleep; the woman will then think only of you. When calling her name, use this formula: "Phamaehi"

Single Takrut Yantra

[yantra: a 4x4 grid of cells, each inscribed with a khom syllable]

Make this yantra into a single takrut, then consecrate it with this spell: "Masakapha makasaka phamasaka sakaphama" -- consecrate this spell over the takrut 108 times.

The Lord's Charm Yantra

[yantra: rectangular grid of eight rows by five columns, each cell filled with a khom/Thai magical syllable, some cells also carrying a small numeral; syllables not confidently legible]

The Lord's Charm Yantra grants lasting endurance — do not doubt it. Consecrate with "Ma a u, u a ma" [end-of-spell mark], seven times or 108 times, either will do; it is especially excellent.

Yantra for the Base of the Love-Balm Tin

[yantra: small square grid, two rows by two columns, four khom syllable cells; syllables not confidently legible]

This yantra is inscribed on the base of a love-balm tin. Consecrate it with this spell: "Metta, karuna, mudita, upekkha" [end-of-spell mark], chanted 3 times — do this. It is for coloring the lips as a charm to attract women and men of all kinds.

Yantra for the Love-Balm Tin

[yantra: square frame around a grid of three rows by three columns, nine khom syllable cells; syllables not confidently legible]

This yantra is to be inscribed and placed inside a love-balm tin; wherever you go to see anyone, they will feel fondness for you. Consecrate it with this spell: "Phutcha thaao thamutsaranama khotaimi" [end-of-spell mark]; chant this spell 108 times.

Yantra for the Palm, to Restrain a Woman

[yantra: square grid of two rows by two columns, four khom syllable cells; syllables not confidently legible]

This yantra, [placed] on the palm, [lets one] hold a woman without her crying out at all. Consecrate with this spell: "Sattha thewa" [end-of-spell mark], chanted 7 times.

Moon-Flower Yantra

[yantra: four small circular cells joined by connecting lines into a cross/flower shape, each circle containing a khom syllable; syllables not confidently legible]

The Moon-Flower Yantra is to be consecrated by oneself. Inscribe it on fine gold and tuck it into a woman's garment to win her love; it may also be wound together with a golden-tongued myna [charm]. When tucking it in, say: "Yantang santang akkhara" [end-of-spell mark]. When taking it out, say this: "Yantang santang na wikrungkhare" [end-of-spell mark].

Woman-Testing Yantra

[yantra: a diamond inscribed within a square, with four decorative stupa-like finials projecting outward at top, bottom, left and right; a single khom syllable at the diamond's center; syllable not confidently legible]

This yantra: place the palm over the chest, then recite this spell: "Piyo devamanussanang, piyo brahmamanamuttamo, piyo nagasupannanang, piyo thariyang nimittacittang" [end-of-spell mark]. You will obtain [your wish] as desired.

Yantra of Escape from Harm

[yantra: a triangle at the top containing a syllable; below it an oval/eye-shaped figure of concentric rings with syllables inside; two further triangles flanking the oval at left and right, each with a syllable; a stupa-like finial at the bottom; syllables not confidently legible]

This yantra may also be placed on the chest. Hold the breath and recite this spell: "Phutthang hantawa, thammang hantawa, sanghang hantawa" [end-of-spell mark]. Bricks and clubs thrown [at you] will never strike home.

Yantra for a Cigarette, Blown Toward a Woman

[yantra: square grid of two rows by two columns, four khom syllable cells; syllables not confidently legible]

This yantra is inscribed on a cigarette; standing upwind, blow the smoke toward a woman so that she comes to feel love. Consecrate with "Pupphang sa upajjati" [x7], chanted 7 times.

Yantra for the Love-Balm Tin

[yantra: square frame containing two overlapping triangles forming a six-pointed star, with syllables at the top, center and bottom; syllables not confidently legible]

The Love-Balm-Tin Yantra: coloring the lips with it creates charm. When approaching a young lady, apply it with the middle finger; when approaching a [grown] woman, apply it with the ring finger; when approaching a lord or official, apply it with the index finger. Consecrate with this spell: "Racha hanang piyang mama, purisa hanang piyang mama, itthi hanang piyang mama, pandita hanang piyang mama" [end-of-spell mark]. Chant this spell according to the day's power.

Yantra to Tie on a Child's Wrist, for Easy Rearing

[yantra: square grid of two rows by two columns, four similar khom syllable cells; syllables not confidently legible]

This yantra is inscribed on a takrut tied to a child's wrist so the child is easy to raise. Consecrate with this spell: "Om namo phutthassa, om namo thammassa, om namo sanghassa, seyyathidang hlu hlu svaha" [end-of-spell mark].

Yantra for a Lump of Palm Sugar

[yantra: circle containing three khom syllables in a row with a numeral beneath; syllables not confidently legible]

This yantra is inscribed on a lump of palm sugar and dropped into a water jar; [whoever drinks from it] will come to love us. Consecrate with this spell: "Racha hanang piyang mama, purisa hanang piyang mama, itthi hanang piyang mama, pandita hanang piyang mama" [end-of-spell mark], chanted 7 times.

Yantra on a Betel Leaf, Given to a Woman to Eat

[yantra: rectangular grid of two rows by three columns, six khom syllable cells; syllables not confidently legible]

This yantra is inscribed on a betel leaf given to a woman to eat so she comes to love us. Consecrate with this spell: "Na ma pha tha" [end-of-spell mark], 7 times.

Yantra on the Hem of a Woman's Cloth, for Love

[yantra: square grid of two rows by two columns, four khom syllable cells; syllables not confidently legible]

This yantra is written on the hem of a woman's cloth so that she loves us. Consecrate with this spell: "Ma a u, namo phutthaya", 7 times.

Yantra for the Face of the Moon-Grinding Stone

[yantra: a pointed vesica (leaf-shaped) outline containing a seated Buddha figure at the centre, surrounded by two nested rings of khom syllables; four further syllables placed outside the vesica at the four diagonal corners, each joined to the figure by a line; syllables not confidently legible]

This yantra is to be inscribed on the face of a moon-grinding stone [used to grind sacred paste]. Consecrate with this spell: "Yang yang purisawa itthithurehiwa samang mehiwara thuresa nuphawena sada honti niyang mama" [end-of-spell mark]. Once inscribed, grind the stone and apply the paste to the body for great [protective] potency, and it is also a charm to [attract] people generally; if going to see a young lady, chant it 7 or 9 times — very good.

Yantra of the Four Lords

[yantra: vesica (eye-shaped) outline of many concentric rings, with a khom syllable at the very centre and four khom syllables placed outside at the top-left, top-right, bottom-left and bottom-right corners; syllables not confidently legible]

"Namo phutthaya, ya tha phut mo na" [end-of-spell mark]. Chant this spell over the yantra 108 times, invoking the Four Lords [Four Buddhas]. If used in a legal dispute, keep the yantra hidden and we shall win. If used in bull-fighting, write it to cover [the animal's] horns; if for cockfighting, cover the comb; if racing boats, place it on the gunwale of the boat. If making a takrut, surround it all around with the Four Lords and chant 108 times for lasting durability. If crossing water, keep it at your back.

Yantra on a Betel Leaf

[yantra: two coiled stem-like forms at the top, each topped with a khom syllable; below them a downward-pointing triangle overlaid to form a hexagram, with a syllable at the centre and another at the lowest point; syllables not confidently legible]

"Katwa pisakammang karoti papakang" [end-of-spell mark]. Chant this spell over the pencil [used to write the yantra].

"Phamahang samaso yuttaphoi yuttapha, ehi ma mae ma" — [invoking her] by name [end-of-spell mark]. Chant this spell while calling [her] name.

"Om, phetphayathon, thoe yakkhechon, sawangthao" [end-of-spell mark]. [This] summons the daytime Diamond Naga-lord.

"Om, phetphayathon, thoe yakkhechon, svaha" [end-of-spell mark]. [This] summons the nighttime Diamond Naga-lord.

Summon the Diamond Naga-lord first, then call [the person's] name. This yantra is inscribed on 7 betel leaves; take the leaves that are in accord [with the intent] and fold them together with areca nut to chew. When eating, hold the breath and take one or two bites at a time, as it comes about. Set our own name over it and consecrate it according to the day's power.

Yantra to Stroke a Woman's Back

[yantra: a cross/plus shape with a khom syllable at each of the four arm-ends (top, bottom, left, right); syllables not confidently legible]

This yantra is written on our own palm, then consecrated with this spell: "Raka moha" [end-of-spell mark]. Stroke the woman's back [with the hand] and she will fall deeply in love, and follow after us.

Ghost-Warding Yantra

[yantra: a square with an inner diamond overlaid, forming an eight-pointed star pattern; khom syllables placed at the grid intersections inside; a six-pointed star ornament at each of the four outer corners; longer khom inscriptions running along each of the four outer edges (top, bottom, left, right); syllables not confidently legible]

This yantra, made into a takrut, wards off ghosts and every kind of spirit. Consecrate with this spell: "Kuliyakkhe sabbasattapang, indasetthang, kumbhandapang, pisaceva palayanti" [end-of-spell mark], chanted 3 times.

Yantra for a Water Well, for the Whole Household's Love

[yantra: a square containing a diamond and a smaller inner square, with a khom syllable at the centre; stupa-like finials and coiled ornaments radiating outward from each side and corner of the outer square, with small syllables at the outer corners; syllables not confidently legible]

This yantra is inscribed on paper and placed in a water well; the whole household will come to love [us]. Consecrate with this spell: "Khamanivakhamunisaccangmunikhrusvaha" [end-of-spell mark]. Do not doubt it, dear reader.

Endurance Yantra

[yantra: a square containing an inner diamond, with a single khom syllable at the centre; syllable not confidently legible]

This yantra is to be written on the palm, then scented oil poured over it. Consecrate with this spell: "Mahantang yanthalala" [end-of-spell mark], chanted 7 times; it makes one very tough and enduring.

"Maha Laluai" Yantra (Great Charm)

[yantra: a rectangle containing an inner diamond, with a seated Buddha figure at the centre flanked by two khom syllables and a further syllable below; eight decorative stupa-like finials radiate outward from the sides and corners of the rectangle, each accompanied by a small numeral; syllables not confidently legible]

This yantra is to be written on a palm leaf and kept beneath a love-balm tin — very effective. It is a charm [to win the favor of] lords, officials, women and men alike. Consecrate it with this spell: "Itipiso bhagavā, arahantang tejosotapatittha, apakamitthaha, ritthisitthi tejachaiya, sabbasattaru winasasanti sawattilabho winasasanti" [end-of-spell mark]. This spell is named "Maha Laluai [Great Charm] of the Arahant Lord"; reciting it is exceedingly excellent.

Yantra Steeped in Scented Oil

[yantra: an eight-petalled flower/star outline with a seated Buddha figure at the centre; four khom syllables in the cross-shaped cells immediately around the figure, and eight further khom syllables placed at the outer points of the petals, each numbered; syllables not confidently legible]

This yantra is inscribed on paper and steeped in scented oil. Consecrate with this spell: "Sambuddhe atthavisañca, phuttho me amhakang pakarang, dvadasañca sahassake, thammo me amhakang pakarang, pañca sattasahassani, sangkho me amhakang pakarang, namami sirasa ahang, sabbe phuttha chanachittang, tesang thammañca sanghañca, sabbe thamma chanachittang, athorena namamihang, sabbe sangkha chanachittang, namakaranuphawena, ma a u hantawa, sabbe upattawe, u a ma, aneka antaraya pi, namo phutthaya winasantu asesato, yatha phutmona" [end-of-spell mark]. Chant this spell 108 times; smear the oil on the body and no one will see us at all [i.e., it grants invisibility].

Yantra for a Tiger's Forehead-Skin

[yantra: rectangular grid of three rows by four columns, twelve khom syllable cells; syllables not confidently legible]

This yantra is to be inscribed using tiger forehead-hide, then consecrated with "Pathamang" [end-of-spell mark] 108 times, and "Sukhato" [end-of-spell mark] 108 times; it grants invulnerability.

Yantra of Phraya Thekhrua ("the lord who tips the whole household" — a whole-household love charm)

[yantra: a circle divided into four quadrants by a cross, each quadrant containing a single curled syllable]

This yantra: if you desire the woman of some household, take this yantra and inscribe it on a palm leaf, then tuck it into that house's roof-thatch — she will come to love you, together with her whole household. Consecrate it with this spell: "Mattha phanthang, chittang phanthe, ehi, mohantawa, na khampe, na maiyhang, thitsawa, miwiyang, ehi, akhatchati, khatchati" [chant three times]. This spell consecrates the yantra called Phraya Thekhrua.

Yantra for the Palm-Slap that Expels Ghosts

[yantra: a square with an inscribed diamond formed by joining the midpoints of its sides, a syllable at each of the four outer corners, at each of the four diamond points, and at the center]

This yantra: if a ghost has taken possession [of someone] and you wish to drive it out, write this yantra onto the palm of the hand, consecrate it with this spell: "Wethasaku, kusathawe, thayasata, tasayatha, sasathiku, kuthisasa, kutukukuiku" [chant three times]. Chant this spell four times, then slap [the possessed person] on the back and on the head, and it will leave. This yantra is beyond price and truly extraordinary.

Yantra to Ward Off Black Magic (Kan Kratham)

[yantra: a 5×5 grid, syllables filling all twenty-five cells, with an additional curling flourish just outside the grid at the left and right margins]

Inscribe this yantra on a single takrut, then awaken it with this spell: "Itipiso bhagava arahang samma-sambuddho vijja-charana-sampanno sukhato lokavidu anuttaro purisa-dhamma-sarathi sattha deva-manussanang buddho bhagavati" [chant three times]. Then take this further spell to consecrate it again: "Ma-a-u trini singhe sadha-vippa-sa-u satta-phakhe apama-chupa pancha-phet-chalu-kanchewa nama-phatha chatu-thewa isawasu susawa-i cha-wat-characha thi-ma-sang-angkhu pancha-indara-namewa-cha mi eka-yakkha asangwisulopusapukha phawe-thewa saha-cha-tatri pancha-phromma-sahampati phuttho thawe-racha sepu-sewa-seta-ase attha-arahanta namo-phutthaya pancha-phutthanamamihang" [chant three times]. Excellent for warding off black magic.

Yantra to Ward Off Danger

[yantra: a teardrop/pouch-shaped outline with a small loop at its top, syllables arranged around its circumference]

Inscribe this yantra and bind it at the wrist — very good for warding off danger. Consecrate it with this spell: "Asangwisulopusapukha" [chant three times].

Yantra to Ward Off Enemies

[yantra: a 4×4 grid, numerals filling all sixteen cells]

Inscribe this yantra into the house to ward off every kind of enemy. Consecrate it with: "Itipiso... [gloss: the standard Itipiso formula, elided here] ...bhagavati" [chant three times].

Yantra to Keep Rats from Eating the Rice

[yantra: a rat figure drawn from curling syllable-strokes forming its body, ears, tail, and legs]

This yantra keeps rats from eating the rice. When inscribing it, lay it down using the "chaturo" formula, then consecrate it thus: "Chaturo phaewemo thaewecho trini pancha satta attha eka chamo sunya kanpha kanpha kanphi kanphi kanphu kan-nu" [chant three times].

Yantra for the Child's Wrist-Charm Against Ghosts

[yantra: a circle divided into a 3×3 grid, a syllable in each of the cells]

Inscribe this yantra on a takrut and bind it to a child's wrist to ward off ghosts. Consecrate it with this spell: "Kachchha-amumhi okase-titthahi" [chant this spell seven times].

Yantra to Ward Off Dog Bites

[yantra: a hexagram (six-pointed star) formed of two overlapping triangles, a syllable at each of the six points and one at the center]

Inscribe this yantra on your own shin so that dogs will never bite you. When inscribing it, present the teacher an offering of a five-item tray and two baht in money. Consecrate it with this spell: "Phutthakhakaro, thakawinttharaksa" [chant three times]. This spell consecrates the yantra to still dogs so they never even bark — truly excellent.

Yantra Inscribed on the Palm to Restrain a Woman

[yantra: a square with both diagonals drawn, forming an X, with a curled syllable placed within each of the four triangular sections]

Inscribe this yantra on the palm of the hand, then consecrate it with this spell: "Asangwisulopusapukha phasaphusapulosuwisang-a phusapulosuwisang-a sapulosuwisang-a pulosuwisang-a losuwisang-a wisang-a-suwisang-a-sang-a" [chant three times]. Chant this spell three times, then seven times, and the woman will be held still until her desire is spent.

Yantra to Ward Off Fire

[yantra: a 3×3 grid, syllables filling all nine cells]

Inscribe this yantra on paper and post it at the house to ward off fire. Consecrate it with this spell: "Thusanaso kaphiha" [chant this spell seven times].

Yantra to Seal the Door Against Ghosts

[yantra: a grid of two rows and five columns, a syllable in each cell]

Inscribe this yantra on lead to seal the door against ghosts. Consecrate it with: "Phamaa-u" [chant seven times], [then] "Itipiso... [gloss: the standard Itipiso formula, elided here] ...bhagavati" [chant seven times].

Yantra to Seal the Door Against Ghosts

[yantra: a 4×4 grid, a syllable in each cell]

Inscribe this yantra on lead to seal the house door against ghosts and every kind of enemy. Consecrate it with this spell: "Kachchha-amumhi okase-titthahi" [chant this spell seven times].

Yantra to Ward Off Ghosts

[yantra: a 4×4 grid; the four corner cells and the four central cells each contain a distinctive triple-curl khom character, [อักขระขอมในยันต์ อ่านไม่ชัด], while the remaining cells contain numerals]

Inscribe this yantra on paper and post it at the house to ward off ghosts. Consecrate it with this spell: "Sabbe thewapisachewa apawaka thayopicha khankhang-talapattang thitsawa sabbe-yakkha-palayanti" [chant three times].

Yantra for the Child's Wrist-Charm Against Ghosts

[yantra: a 4×4 grid; the four corner cells each contain a distinctive triple-curl khom character, [อักขระขอมในยันต์ อ่านไม่ชัด], while the remaining cells contain numerals]

Inscribe this yantra on lead and bind it to a child's wrist to ward off ghosts. Consecrate it with this spell: "Asangwisulopusapukha" [chant seven times].