{"type": "genre", "value": "poetry_literary", "key": "genre:poetry_literary", "label": "Poetry & Literature · วรรณกรรม", "noun": "genre", "browseCol": "genre", "note": "Secular poetry and literary works (khlong, khao).", "priority": false, "profile": {"count": 112, "priority": 0, "provinces": [{"value": "Phayao", "n": 20, "label": "Phayao"}, {"value": "Nan", "n": 14, "label": "Nan"}, {"value": "Chiang Mai", "n": 11, "label": "Chiang Mai"}, {"value": "Lamphun", "n": 10, "label": "Lamphun"}, {"value": "Phrae", "n": 9, "label": "Phrae"}, {"value": "Chiang Rai", "n": 9, "label": "Chiang Rai"}], "temples": [{"value": "Wat Si Khom Kham", "n": 11, "label": "Wat Si Khom Kham"}, {"value": "Wat Sung Men", "n": 5, "label": "Wat Sung Men"}, {"value": "Wat Phra Sing", "n": 5, "label": "Wat Phra Sing"}, {"value": "Wat Phra That Chang Kham Worawihan", "n": 4, "label": "Wat Phra That Chang Kham Worawihan"}, {"value": "Wat Nong Bua", "n": 4, "label": "Wat Nong Bua"}, {"value": "Wat Luang", "n": 4, "label": "Wat Luang"}], "scripts": [{"value": "tham_lanna", "n": 95, "label": "Tham Lanna · อักษรธรรมล้านนา"}, {"value": "tham_lue", "n": 7, "label": "Tham Lue · อักษรธรรมลื้อ"}, {"value": "shan", "n": 7, "label": "Shan · อักษรไทใหญ่"}, {"value": "thai", "n": 2, "label": "Thai · อักษรไทย"}], "languages": [{"value": "Pali and Lan Na", "n": 92, "label": "Pali and Lan Na"}, {"value": "Pali and Tai Lue", "n": 8, "label": "Pali and Tai Lue"}, {"value": "Pali, Shan and Burmese", "n": 3, "label": "Pali, Shan and Burmese"}, {"value": "Pali and Shan", "n": 3, "label": "Pali and Shan"}, {"value": "Monolingual Thai", "n": 2, "label": "Monolingual Thai"}, {"value": "Pali and Thai", "n": 1, "label": "Pali and Thai"}], "materials": [{"value": "palm_leaf", "n": 73, "label": "Palm-leaf · ใบลาน"}, {"value": "mulberry_paper", "n": 23, "label": "Mulberry paper (saa) · กระดาษสา"}, {"value": "khoi", "n": 6, "label": "Khoi paper · กระดาษข่อย"}], "date": {"min": 1836, "max": 1989, "dated": 54}, "samples": ["Cao saeng moeng", "Mong mitsariya nang maloli", "Mokkharapat", "Tantaphingnya, Nang pingkhiat", "Khun sam lo", "Untitled (Khao pha aphaimani)", "Untitled (Kon hong salila)", "Suwattang khanthang"]}, "lede": "Poetry & Literature · วรรณกรรม accounts for 112 catalogued manuscripts. It clusters in Phayao (18% of the corpus for this genre), ahead of Nan and Chiang Mai. Nearly all (85%) are written in Tham Lanna · อักษรธรรมล้านนา script. By support it leans to palm-leaf · ใบลาน (65%) over mulberry paper (saa) · กระดาษสา (21%). Dated witnesses run 1836–1989 CE (54 of 112 carry a date).", "findings": [], "authored": {"exists": true, "status": "published", "title": "Poetry & Literature", "see_also": ["genre:jataka", "genre:tamnan_chronicle"], "body_html": "<h2>What this is</h2><p>This is the collection&#x27;s <strong>belletristic layer</strong> — literature for pleasure, the closest this archive comes to storytelling for its own sake. The catalogue splits it as <strong>Folk Tale (63%)</strong> and <strong>Secular Literary Work (37%)</strong>, and the titles bear both out.</p><p>On one side, the <strong>folk romances and tales</strong>: <em>Khun Sam Lo</em>, the great northern love-tragedy; <em>Cao saeng moeng</em>; <em>Suwattang khanthang</em>; the <em>nithan</em> of the Himavanta forest (<em>Tamnan nitan pa mai himapan</em>) with its mythical beasts. On the other, the <strong>sung-verse forms</strong> that are the native vehicle of Lanna literature — the <em>khao</em> and the <em>kham khap</em> (<em>Kam khap</em>, <em>Kam khap ka long</em>, <em>Khao doi …</em>), poetry meant to be performed aloud, not silently read. The corpus is also porous in a way the learned genres are not: a <em>khao</em> retelling of Vessantara (<em>Kam len khao wetsantala</em>) turns scripture into entertainment, and a copy of <strong>Phra Aphai Mani</strong> shows Central Thai literature travelling north into Lanna hands.</p><p>For the wider project this is the <strong>living vernacular voice</strong> — the register where the tradition entertained itself, where oral performance met the page, and the one that connects most directly to still-living Lanna storytelling and its documented folklore.</p><h2>The shape of the collection</h2><p>Two features set this genre apart from the learned corpora. First, it is the <strong>latest- dating genre in the collection</strong>: no witness is older than 1836, and the bulk is 20th century — vernacular literature was written down only recently, long after the scripture and the grammars. Second, its support and geography break the canonical mould — <strong>paper runs to 21%</strong> (against the 3–9% of the scholastic genres), and it is <strong>not</strong> a Wat Sung Men tradition at all: Phayao and Nan lead, Phrae trails, and Tai Lue temples like Wat Nong Bua figure. The folk literature lived <em>away</em> from the great scholastic library.</p><h2>Notes</h2><ul><li><strong>The most exposed genre, and the most urgent.</strong> Because these forms are oral and performed, and were committed to writing only from the 19th century, this is the corpus most under-represented on the shelf — its life is in performance, not the page. Because the manuscript record is thin here, the <em>khao</em> and <em>kham khap</em> material deserves early attention despite its small catalogue footprint — much of it lives in the oral and contemporary record rather than on palm-leaf.</li><li><strong>Porous boundaries — it absorbs from everywhere.</strong> Central Thai imports (<em>Phra Aphai Mani</em>), jātaka retold as entertainment (the <em>khao</em> Vessantara), and folk tales that shade into <a href=\"/a?s=genre:tamnan_chronicle\">chronicle</a> all sit here. Expect overlap with <a href=\"/a?s=genre:jataka\">jātaka</a> wherever a birth-story is told for pleasure rather than merit.</li><li><strong>Border diversity.</strong> A real Tai Lue and Shan presence, higher than the learned genres&#x27;, marks where secular literature crossed ethnic and linguistic lines — folk story travels more freely than canon.</li><li><strong>One label, two objects.</strong> Oral <em>folk tale</em> and written <em>secular literary work</em> are distinct traditions collapsed together; separating them is the obvious next pass.</li></ul>"}, "dbPresent": true, "connections": [{"rel": "related to", "key": "genre:didactic_moral", "label": "Didactic & Moral · คำสอน", "authored": true, "weight": null, "dir": "in"}, {"rel": "related to", "key": "genre:jataka", "label": "Jātaka · ชาดก", "authored": true, "weight": null, "dir": "out"}, {"rel": "related to", "key": "genre:tamnan_chronicle", "label": "Chronicle (Tamnan) · ตำนาน", "authored": true, "weight": null, "dir": "out"}, {"rel": "related to", "key": "entity:vessantara", "label": "Vessantara / Mahāchat", "authored": true, "weight": null, "dir": "in"}, {"rel": "related to", "key": "subgenre:tamnan_chronicle:Secular History", "label": "Chronicle (Tamnan) · ตำนาน › Secular History", "authored": true, "weight": null, "dir": "in"}], "image": {"src": "/imgthumb/a8411d60bbc4c9b4a1d1be2f7f75910959b49a016a9a3162c1a433f466669571_480.jpg", "kind": "scan", "mid": 140, "sha": "a8411d60bbc4c9b4a1d1be2f7f75910959b49a016a9a3162c1a433f466669571", "starred": false, "caption": ""}}