{"type": "entity", "value": "mangraisat", "key": "entity:mangraisat", "label": "Mangraisat (Mangrai code)", "noun": "subject", "browseCol": "", "note": "", "priority": false, "profile": {"count": 24, "priority": 0, "provinces": [{"value": "Phayao", "n": 7, "label": "Phayao"}, {"value": "Nan", "n": 7, "label": "Nan"}, {"value": "Lampang", "n": 3, "label": "Lampang"}, {"value": "Phrae", "n": 2, "label": "Phrae"}, {"value": "Mae Hong Son", "n": 1, "label": "Mae Hong Son"}, {"value": "Chiang Mai", "n": 1, "label": "Chiang Mai"}], "temples": [{"value": "Wat Si Khom Kham", "n": 4, "label": "Wat Si Khom Kham"}, {"value": "Wat Phra That Chang Kham Worawihan", "n": 3, "label": "Wat Phra That Chang Kham Worawihan"}, {"value": "Wat Yuan", "n": 1, "label": "Wat Yuan"}, {"value": "Wat Sung Men", "n": 1, "label": "Wat Sung Men"}, {"value": "Wat Phra That Lampang Luang", "n": 1, "label": "Wat Phra That Lampang Luang"}, {"value": "Wat Phaya Phu", "n": 1, "label": "Wat Phaya Phu"}], "scripts": [{"value": "tham_lanna", "n": 24, "label": "Tham Lanna · อักษรธรรมล้านนา"}], "languages": [{"value": "Pali and Lan Na", "n": 23, "label": "Pali and Lan Na"}, {"value": "Monolingual Pali", "n": 1, "label": "Monolingual Pali"}], "materials": [{"value": "palm_leaf", "n": 20, "label": "Palm-leaf · ใบลาน"}, {"value": "mulberry_paper", "n": 2, "label": "Mulberry paper (saa) · กระดาษสา"}], "date": {"min": 1835, "max": 1973, "dated": 9}, "samples": ["Kadi lok kadi tham manglai thammasat", "Untitled (Awahan khong phanya manglai)", "Untitled (Manglai son luk, Kam son thela can, etc.)", "Untitled (Kotmai khong pha cao menglai mahalat)", "Untitled (Kotmai phanya manglai)", "Tamnan phanya manglai", "Untitled (Lacawong manglai)", "Nangsue manglai"]}, "lede": "Mangraisat (Mangrai code) accounts for 24 catalogued manuscripts. It clusters in Phayao (29% of the corpus for this subject), ahead of Nan and Lampang. Nearly all (100%) are written in Tham Lanna · อักษรธรรมล้านนา script. By support it leans to palm-leaf · ใบลาน (83%) over mulberry paper (saa) · กระดาษสา (8%). Dated witnesses run 1835–1973 CE (9 of 24 carry a date).", "findings": [], "authored": {"exists": true, "status": "published", "title": "Mangraisat (Mangrai code)", "see_also": ["genre:law_customary", "genre:tamnan_chronicle", "entity:thammasat", "subgenre:tamnan_chronicle:Secular History"], "body_html": "<h2>What this is</h2><p>The <strong>Mangraisat</strong> (มังรายศาสตร์, &quot;the law of Mangrai&quot;) is <strong>Lanna&#x27;s own law-book</strong> — the body of customary and royal law ascribed to <strong>King Mangrai</strong>, founder of Chiang Mai (1296) and of the Lanna kingdom. It is the northern Thai world&#x27;s home-grown legal tradition: rules for land, debt, marriage, theft, injury and inheritance, framed as the settled custom of the <em>müang</em> rather than as imported scripture. Where the <a href=\"/a?s=entity:thammasat\">thammasat</a> supplies the cosmic frame of law, the Mangraisat supplies the <strong>positive, enforceable code</strong> of a specific kingdom.</p><h2>What the catalogue holds</h2><p><strong>Twenty-four witnesses</strong> carry a Mangrai-law name, all classed as <strong><a href=\"/a?s=genre:law_customary\">customary law</a></strong>. This is one of the archive&#x27;s more solid clusters — a genuine, multi-copy legal tradition attested directly in the manuscripts, not merely inferred.</p><p><em>Inference —</em> twenty-four copies is a meaningful survival for a regional law-book, and it signals that the Mangraisat was <strong>actively recopied and used</strong>, not a single antiquarian relic. A cluster this size is worth a <em>variant study</em>: customary codes drift as they are copied from temple to temple and court to court, so these witnesses very likely disagree in their particulars — exactly the material a content-level comparison could map.</p><h2>Beyond the catalogue — a king&#x27;s law and its frame</h2><p><em>Tradition —</em> the following is background from the wider Thai–Lanna tradition, <strong>not</strong> established from these specific manuscripts; treat as orienting, not authoritative.</p><ul><li><strong>A paired legal cosmos.</strong> Thai legal thought conventionally splits law into <em>kadi lok</em> (worldly cases — the king&#x27;s positive law) and <em>kadi tham</em> (cases under the cosmic dhamma-law). The Mangraisat is the <strong>_kadi lok_ pole</strong>: the practical, royal, enforceable half, whose authority the <a href=\"/a?s=entity:thammasat\">thammasat</a> half supplies from above.</li><li><strong>Attributed, not authored.</strong> As with most premodern law-books, the ascription to Mangrai is a <strong>charter of legitimacy</strong> rather than a claim of single authorship: the code accretes over generations of judgments and is <em>anchored</em> to the founder-king to give it weight. This is the same legitimating move the foundation-<a href=\"/a?s=genre:tamnan_chronicle\">chronicles</a> make.</li><li><strong>Custom written down.</strong> Its substance is recognisably customary — compensation tariffs for injury, rules of debt-bondage and land use, marriage and inheritance — the ordinary law of an agrarian <em>müang</em>, given fixed form.</li></ul><h2>Notes</h2><ul><li><strong>A solid catalogue anchor.</strong> Unlike the n = 0 want-list entities, the Mangraisat is <strong>firmly attested</strong> (<em>n = 24</em>). The prose above about its <em>kadi lok / kadi tham</em> framing is clearly-marked tradition, but the cluster itself is hard data.</li><li><strong>Best next move — read within, not just across.</strong> <em>Inference —</em> the payoff here is not finding <em>more</em> Mangraisat (there is already a healthy set) but <strong>comparing</strong> the copies: reading `raw_metadata` and page-content to see how the twenty-four witnesses diverge, and pairing them against the <a href=\"/a?s=entity:thammasat\">thammasat</a> witnesses to see the two law-poles in one collection.</li></ul>"}, "dbPresent": true, "connections": [{"rel": "paired with", "key": "entity:thammasat", "label": "Thammasat (dhammasattha)", "authored": true, "weight": null, "dir": "in"}, {"rel": "part of", "key": "genre:law_customary", "label": "Customary Law · กฎหมายจารีต", "authored": true, "weight": null, "dir": "out"}, {"rel": "related to", "key": "genre:tamnan_chronicle", "label": "Chronicle (Tamnan) · ตำนาน", "authored": true, "weight": null, "dir": "out"}, {"rel": "related to", "key": "subgenre:tamnan_chronicle:Secular History", "label": "Chronicle (Tamnan) · ตำนาน › Secular History", "authored": true, "weight": null, "dir": "out"}, {"rel": "co-occurs with", "key": "entity:thammasat", "label": "Thammasat (dhammasattha)", "authored": false, "weight": 1, "dir": "out"}], "image": {"src": "/imgthumb/70e7a775f4a69aaca8fb02c2964e104d8de5c3cc9137f79ee1930c897c45dbc3_480.jpg", "kind": "scan", "mid": 232, "sha": "70e7a775f4a69aaca8fb02c2964e104d8de5c3cc9137f79ee1930c897c45dbc3", "starred": false, "caption": ""}}