{
 "schema": 1,
 "id": "salika",
 "level": "kind",
 "parent": null,
 "names": {
  "th": "สาลิกา",
  "roman": "salika",
  "en": "Salika (golden-tongued myna)",
  "aliases": {
   "th": [
    "สาลิกาลิ้นทอง",
    "สาริกา",
    "ตะกรุดสาลิกา",
    "สาลิกาคู่"
   ],
   "roman": [
    "sarika",
    "salika lin thong",
    "sariga"
   ],
   "en": [
    "golden-tongue myna",
    "myna charm"
   ]
  }
 },
 "region": [
  "th-central",
  "th"
 ],
 "axes": {
  "class": "yantra_wattu",
  "functions": [
   "metta_maha_niyom",
   "maha_saneh",
   "kha_khai"
  ],
  "materials": [
   "thongkham",
   "nuea_loha"
  ],
  "figures": [
   "animal"
  ]
 },
 "form": {
  "type": "figure",
  "shape_th": "นกคู่ตัวผู้ตัวเมีย โลหะหรือไม้ มักแช่น้ำมัน หรือเป็นตะกรุดดอกเล็กจากทองแผ่นบาง หรือยันต์รูปนกม้วนใส่ตลับสีผึ้ง",
  "shape_en": "A pair of birds, male and female, in metal or wood, often kept in oil — or a very small takrut of thin gold, or the bird yantra rolled and set in a beeswax case",
  "size_mm": null,
  "wearable_th": "พกติดตัว อมใต้ลิ้นเมื่อจะพูด หรือเสียบไว้ที่ฟัน",
  "wearable_en": "Carried; the takrut form is held under the tongue or set against the teeth before speaking",
  "obverse_th": "ยันต์รูปนกสองตัวหันหน้าเข้าหากัน มีอักขระในตัว",
  "obverse_en": "Two facing birds with Khom syllables inside each body",
  "reverse_th": "",
  "reverse_en": "",
  "notes_en": "Three forms share one name: bird figure, tiny takrut, and the drawn yantra. The market sells all three as สาลิกา."
 },
 "iconography": [
  {
   "th": "นกสาลิกาคู่ ตัวเมียซ้าย ตัวผู้ขวา",
   "en": "paired mynas, female and male, each with its own katha"
  },
  {
   "th": "ยันต์องค์พระเรียงชั้นมีอุณาโลม สำหรับตะกรุดลิ้นทอง",
   "en": "a tiered Buddha-figure yantra topped with an unalom, for the gold-tongue takrut"
  }
 ],
 "origin": {
  "wat_slug": null,
  "wat_th": "",
  "wat_en": "",
  "maker_th": "ตำราสร้างเครื่องรางของขลัง (ไม่ระบุผู้แต่ง)",
  "maker_en": "Anonymous amulet-making treatise, manuscript 6983",
  "era_th": "ตำราไม่ระบุปี ให้ลงวันจันทร์เพ็ญเดือน ๑๒",
  "era_en": "Undated treatise; one recipe fixes the inscribing to the full-moon Monday of the twelfth lunar month",
  "place_th": "ประเพณีภาคกลาง",
  "place_en": "Central Thai tradition",
  "first_attested": ""
 },
 "diagnostics": [
  {
   "th": "รูปนกเป็นคู่ ไม่ใช่ตัวเดียว",
   "en": "The birds come as a pair; a single bird is another charm or half a set",
   "source": "s:ms6983",
   "tier": "catalogue"
  },
  {
   "th": "ตะกรุดสาลิกาเล็กมาก — ตำราใช้ทองหนัก ๒ ไพ",
   "en": "The takrut form is tiny: the treatise uses two phai of gold, a weight that rolls to a fingernail",
   "source": "s:ms6983",
   "tier": "catalogue"
  },
  {
   "th": "มักแช่น้ำมัน ผิวมัน เหนียว",
   "en": "Usually kept in oil; expect a greasy surface and an oil-stained case",
   "source": "s:amulet-reference",
   "tier": "tradition"
  },
  {
   "th": "หน้าที่คือเมตตาและวาจา ไม่ใช่คงกระพัน — ของที่ขายว่ากันภัยไม่ใช่สาลิกา",
   "en": "Its work is metta and speech; a piece sold for invulnerability is another kind wearing the name",
   "source": "s:holding-key",
   "tier": "catalogue"
  }
 ],
 "confusable_with": [
  {
   "id": "takrut",
   "tell_th": "ตะกรุดสาลิกาเป็นตะกรุด แต่ยันต์และการใช้ (อมใต้ลิ้น) ทำให้เป็นสาลิกา",
   "tell_en": "A salika takrut is a takrut by form; the yantra and the under-the-tongue use make it this kind. File by the yantra when it is visible, by the seller's name when it is not."
  },
  {
   "id": "nang-kwak",
   "tell_th": "นางกวักเป็นรูปหญิงกวักมือ เป็นเทพที่บูชา สาลิกาเป็นนก ไม่มีผู้อยู่",
   "tell_en": "Nang Kwak is a beckoning woman, a deva venerated with offerings; the salika is a bird with nobody home. Both are sold for trade."
  },
  {
   "id": "phaya-khrut",
   "tell_th": "ครุฑเป็นนกเทพปีกกาง อำนาจ สาลิกาเป็นนกเล็กคู่ วาจา",
   "tell_en": "Garuda is a winged deva for authority; the salika is a small paired songbird for speech."
  }
 ],
 "market": {
  "search": [
   "สาลิกา"
  ],
  "excludes": [],
  "tier": "both"
 },
 "media": {
  "commons_categories": [],
  "commons_files": [],
  "wanted_en": "No free photograph on Wikimedia Commons as of 2026-09-02 (searches on สาลิกา, salika, sarika amulet returned nothing). Needed: a bird pair in their oil case, and a gold-tongue takrut beside a fingernail for scale."
 },
 "images": [],
 "text": {
  "what_th": "นกสาลิกาคู่แห่งวาจาไพเราะ พ่อค้า คนจีบ และใครก็ตามที่ต้องให้คนเชื่อพกไว้ มักเป็นนกคู่เล็กโลหะหรือไม้ หรือยันต์รูปนก ดัชนียันต์ที่นี่มีลาย",
  "what_en": "The paired myna birds of sweet speech — carried by sellers, suitors and anyone who must be believed. Usually a small couple of birds in metal or wood, or the yantra of them; the yant index here draws the design.",
  "story_th": "ตำราให้สาลิกาสี่ตำรับ ตะกรุดสาลิกาลิ้นทองใช้ทองเนื้อแปดแผ่บาง ลงยันต์องค์พระ เสก อิมานิ ทะสะสิกขาปะทานิ อมไว้ใต้ลิ้นเมื่อจะเจรจาเทศนา อีกตำรับใช้ทองบางสะพานหนัก ๒ ไพ ลงวันจันทร์เพ็ญเดือน ๑๒ มีบายศรีหัวหมูคำนับครู ตะกรุดสาลิกามโหสถลงนกสองตัวบนกระดาษ ทอง เงิน ตะกั่ว หรือทองแดง ตัวเมียตัวผู้มีคาถาคนละบท ม้วนเป็นตะกรุดหรือใส่ตลับขี้ผึ้ง ใช้ทางเมตตาสำหรับนักเทศน์นักร้อง ส่วน สาลิกาจับปากโลง เป็นของอีกหมวดที่ใช้ชื่อเดียวกัน ตำราให้สูตรทำ ไม่นำส่วนผสมมาลงที่นี่",
  "story_en": "The treatise gives four salika recipes. The gold-tongue takrut beats grade-eight gold thin, inscribes a Buddha-figure yantra, consecrates it with the ten-precepts formula, and is held under the tongue before speaking or preaching so that whoever sees your face loves you. A second uses two phai of Bang Saphan gold inscribed on the full-moon Monday of the twelfth month with bai-si and a pig's head for the teacher. The Salika Mahosot draws two facing birds on paper, gold, silver, lead or copper, each sex with its own katha, then rolls it as a takrut or seats it in a beeswax case — for preachers and singers. The fourth, 'salika that closes the coffin-mouth', is an object of another class wearing this name; the treatise gives a making-recipe; its ingredients are not reproduced here.",
  "keeping_th": "ไม่มีผู้อยู่ ไม่ต้องเลี้ยง ยกเว้นสาลิกาจับปากโลงซึ่งเป็นของอีกหมวด",
  "keeping_en": "Nobody home, nothing owed — for the bird pair and the gold-tongue takrut. The coffin-mouth salika in the same treatise belongs to another class by its making; the name does not settle the making."
 },
 "sources": [
  "s:holding-key",
  "s:vault-classes",
  "s:ms6983",
  "s:en-wiki-takrut",
  "s:amulet-reference",
  "s:tradition"
 ],
 "provenance": {
  "default": {
   "tier": "catalogue",
   "source": "s:ms6983",
   "note": "bilingual.md lines 4326–4460 (printed pp. 125–127): ลิ้นทอง ×3, จับปากโลง, มโหสถ"
  },
  "fields": {
   "axes": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:vault-classes"
   },
   "text.what_en": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:holding-key"
   },
   "text.keeping_en": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:vault-classes"
   },
   "form.shape_en": {
    "tier": "tradition",
    "source": "s:amulet-reference",
    "note": "bird-figure form from card C·10; takrut forms from ms6983"
   },
   "form.wearable_en": {
    "tier": "cited",
    "source": "s:en-wiki-takrut",
    "note": "'sariga' held between the teeth"
   },
   "names.aliases": {
    "tier": "inference"
   },
   "form.notes_en": {
    "tier": "inference"
   },
   "market": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:holding-key"
   }
  }
 },
 "confidence": "high",
 "needs_verification": false,
 "updated": "2026-09-02",
 "class_facts": {
  "key": "yantra_wattu",
  "term": "วัตถุมงคล (ยันต์)",
  "roman": "wattu mongkhon",
  "en_gloss": "blessed/inscribed object",
  "resident": "none",
  "upkeep": "none",
  "provenance_sensitivity": "low",
  "definition": "Takrut, yantra cloth, blessed medallions — power in the inscription and the rite. Impersonal.",
  "confidence": "high"
 },
 "function_terms": [
  {
   "key": "metta_maha_niyom",
   "term": "เมตตามหานิยม",
   "roman": "metta maha niyom",
   "en": "loving-kindness and wide popularity",
   "definition": "Broad social favour — people are well-disposed, superiors are lenient, customers return. Built on เมตตา, the Buddhist virtue, and respectable to carry and to sell."
  },
  {
   "key": "maha_saneh",
   "term": "มหาเสน่ห์",
   "roman": "maha saneh",
   "en": "powerful attraction, allure",
   "definition": "Personal and frequently erotic attraction, directed at a particular person rather than at a room. Overlaps the love-wax (สีผึ้ง) and น้ำมันพราย material tradition."
  },
  {
   "key": "kha_khai",
   "term": "ค้าขาย",
   "roman": "kha khai",
   "en": "trade, selling",
   "definition": "Specifically commercial: custom comes to the shop, goods move. Distinguished from โชคลาภ because the gain is worked for rather than fallen into."
  }
 ],
 "material_terms": [
  {
   "key": "thongkham",
   "term": "เนื้อทองคำ",
   "roman": "nuea thongkham",
   "en": "gold",
   "definition": "Gold. Thin in this corpus — 93 of 13,020 listings, and most of those name it for a frame or a plating rather than for the body of the piece. Gold issues are not rare in the tradition; they do not circulate on an open retail platform. That thinness measures what this corpus can and cannot see, and is among the clearest arguments for seeding the register from competition and association records rather than from listings. **Correction of record:** an earlier draft put this at 1 occurrence, having searched only the compound เนื้อทองคำ. The bare term is the one the market uses."
  },
  {
   "key": "nuea_loha",
   "term": "เนื้อโลหะ",
   "roman": "nuea loha",
   "en": "metal (unspecified)",
   "definition": "Metal, unspecified. Common in listings precisely because it commits to nothing. Recorded as its own term rather than resolved, because the vagueness is itself the datum — a seller who can name the alloy usually does."
  }
 ],
 "region_terms": [
  {
   "key": "th-central",
   "th": "ภาคกลาง",
   "en": "Central Thailand (Bangkok, Ayutthaya basin)"
  },
  {
   "key": "th",
   "th": "ทั่วประเทศไทย",
   "en": "Thailand, not regionally specific"
  }
 ],
 "market_stats": {
  "listings": 128,
  "priced": 128,
  "median_thb": 169.0,
  "typical_thb": [
   39.0,
   490.0
  ],
  "source": "s:catalog-db",
  "tier": "catalogue",
  "note": "title matches only; delete-then-test excludes applied"
 },
 "primary_image": null,
 "tier_labels": {
  "en": {
   "catalogue": "Catalogue — checkable against the corpus (catalog.db, a transcribed treatise)",
   "cited": "Cited — a named external source, linked",
   "tradition": "Tradition — general knowledge of the wider tradition, hedged",
   "inference": "Inference — this project's own reasoning from the above",
   "field": "Field — someone stood there"
  },
  "th": {
   "catalogue": "จากคลัง",
   "cited": "อ้างอิงแหล่ง",
   "tradition": "ตามประเพณี",
   "inference": "อนุมาน",
   "field": "พบเห็นเอง"
  }
 }
}