{
 "schema": 1,
 "id": "rian-kechi",
 "level": "kind",
 "parent": null,
 "names": {
  "th": "เหรียญพระเกจิ",
  "roman": "rian phra kechi",
  "en": "monk medallion",
  "aliases": {
   "th": [
    "เหรียญหลวงพ่อ",
    "เหรียญหลวงปู่",
    "เหรียญรุ่นแรก",
    "เหรียญปั๊ม",
    "เหรียญเสมา"
   ],
   "roman": [
    "rian",
    "rian luang pho",
    "rian roon raek"
   ],
   "en": [
    "monk coin",
    "guru monk medal",
    "first-batch medal"
   ]
  }
 },
 "region": [
  "th"
 ],
 "axes": {
  "class": "phra_khrueang",
  "functions": [
   "metta_maha_niyom",
   "khlaeo_khlat",
   "khum_khrong"
  ],
  "materials": [
   "thongdaeng",
   "thonglueang",
   "ngoen",
   "thongkham",
   "naak",
   "nuea_loha"
  ],
  "figures": [
   "monk"
  ]
 },
 "form": {
  "type": "medallion",
  "shape_th": "เหรียญปั๊มโลหะ กลม รูปไข่ หรือทรงเสมา มีหูห่วงด้านบน",
  "shape_en": "A die-struck metal medallion, round, oval or sema-leaf shaped, with a loop at the top",
  "size_mm": [
   25,
   35,
   2
  ],
  "wearable_th": "ห้อยคอโดยตรงหรือเลี่ยมกรอบ",
  "wearable_en": "Hung directly from a chain by its loop, or framed",
  "obverse_th": "รูปเหมือนพระเกจิครึ่งองค์หรือเต็มองค์ ชื่อ วัด",
  "obverse_en": "Bust or full seated portrait of the monk, with his name and temple",
  "reverse_th": "ยันต์ อักขระขอม ปี พ.ศ. ชื่อรุ่น",
  "reverse_en": "A yantra or Khom letters, the year in BE, and often the batch name",
  "notes_en": "Size is a common range; commemorative pieces run larger. The shape names (กลม, รูปไข่, เสมา) are trade terms for the blank."
 },
 "iconography": [
  {
   "th": "รูปเหมือนพระเกจิ",
   "en": "portrait of a named monk"
  },
  {
   "th": "อักษรบอกชื่อ วัด และ พ.ศ.",
   "en": "lettering naming monk, temple and year"
  },
  {
   "th": "ยันต์ด้านหลัง",
   "en": "a yantra on the reverse"
  }
 ],
 "origin": {
  "wat_slug": null,
  "wat_th": "",
  "wat_en": "",
  "maker_th": "วัดและสำนักทั่วประเทศ ออกเป็นรุ่น",
  "maker_en": "Issued by temples nationwide in named batches (รุ่น)",
  "era_th": "ยุครัตนโกสินทร์ตอนกลางถึงปัจจุบัน",
  "era_en": "Mid-Rattanakosin to the present; the trade dates the struck-portrait form to the reign of Rama V",
  "place_th": "ทั่วประเทศ",
  "place_en": "Nationwide",
  "first_attested": ""
 },
 "diagnostics": [
  {
   "th": "ปั๊ม ไม่ใช่หล่อ — ขอบคม ลายละเอียด ด้านหลังแบน",
   "en": "Struck, not cast: crisp edges, fine relief, a flat back. Casting texture points to a rup lo or a cast copy",
   "source": "s:vault-materials",
   "tier": "catalogue"
  },
  {
   "th": "ตัวหนังสือบอกชื่อ วัด ปี — เหรียญบอกอายุตัวเอง",
   "en": "The lettering names the monk, temple and BE year; the most datable of forms, the coin itself says when",
   "source": "s:holding-key",
   "tier": "catalogue"
  },
  {
   "th": "หูห่วงเชื่อมหรือปั๊มในตัว ขอบมีรอยตัด",
   "en": "A loop, either struck integral or soldered, and a cut or milled rim",
   "source": "s:tradition",
   "tier": "tradition"
  },
  {
   "th": "เนื้อทองแดง ทองเหลือง เงิน นาค ทองคำ หรือกะไหล่ — เนื้อบอกลำดับราคาในรุ่นเดียวกัน",
   "en": "Copper, brass, silver, naak, gold, or gilt (กะไหล่) over base metal; within one batch the metal orders the price",
   "source": "s:vault-materials",
   "tier": "tradition"
  }
 ],
 "confusable_with": [
  {
   "id": "rup-lo",
   "tell_th": "เหรียญแบน ปั๊ม มีหู · รูปหล่อลอยองค์ สามมิติ",
   "tell_en": "A medallion is flat and struck with a loop; a rup lo is a three-dimensional casting of the same monk"
  },
  {
   "id": "locket",
   "tell_th": "ล็อกเก็ตเป็นรูปถ่ายใต้กระจกหรือเรซิน หลังอุดผง · เหรียญเป็นโลหะปั๊มทั้งชิ้น",
   "tell_en": "A locket carries a photograph under glass or resin with material packed behind it; a medallion is solid struck metal front to back"
  },
  {
   "id": "luang-pu-thuat",
   "tell_th": "หลวงปู่ทวดมีเหรียญของตัวเอง แต่รุ่นต้นเป็นเนื้อว่านและหลังเตารีดหล่อ",
   "tell_en": "Luang Pu Thuat pieces include medallions, but the canonical early runs are pressed wan tablets and cast 'flat-iron back' figures; a medallion of him is a rian kechi of one monk"
  },
  {
   "id": "jatukham",
   "tell_th": "จตุคามเป็นเหรียญเทพ ขนาดใหญ่ · เหรียญเกจิเป็นรูปพระสงฆ์",
   "tell_en": "A Jatukham is a large deity medallion; a rian kechi shows a monk"
  }
 ],
 "market": {
  "search": [
   "เหรียญหลวง",
   "เหรียญรุ่น"
  ],
  "excludes": [],
  "tier": "both"
 },
 "media": {
  "commons_categories": [
   "Category:Buddhist amulets of Thailand"
  ],
  "commons_files": [
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   "File:หลวงพ่อแฉ่งรุ่น2.jpg",
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  ],
  "wanted_en": "An obverse/reverse pair of one medallion with the loop and rim in view. The 'Vajirañāṇasaṃvara' CC BY set shows Buddha-image amulets (Phra Phairi Phinat, Somdet), not monk portraits, so it is not listed here"
 },
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   "alt_en": "monk medallion — เหรียญเสมารุ่นแรกปี 59",
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   "width": 1536,
   "height": 2048
  },
  {
   "file": "rian-kechi/rian-kechi-jpg-93bd52.jpg",
   "source": "commons",
   "title": "File:เหรียญเสมาเนื้อเงินลงยารุ่นแรก.jpg",
   "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8D%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
   "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=116666521",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
   "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0",
   "author": "Arminuae",
   "credit": "Own work",
   "view": "other",
   "alt_th": "เหรียญพระเกจิ",
   "alt_en": "monk medallion — เหรียญเสมารุ่นแรก",
   "sha256": "cc04ed5753bac2975059dc5f9d351ae6d63fd22713b8b93c5821eff01c7caa55",
   "width": 1536,
   "height": 2048
  }
 ],
 "text": {
  "what_th": "เหรียญโลหะปั๊มรูปเหมือนพระเกจิ มีชื่อ วัด และปีที่สร้าง ออกเป็นรุ่น เป็นพระเครื่องที่บอกอายุตัวเองชัดที่สุด ไม่มีผู้อยู่ พลังอยู่ที่บารมีของท่านและการปลุกเสก",
  "what_en": "A struck coin-form medallion carrying a revered monk's portrait, name and temple, usually dated to the batch (รุ่น). The most datable of all forms — the coin itself says when.",
  "story_th": "วัดออกเหรียญเป็นรุ่นในวาระต่างๆ เช่น งานทำบุญอายุ งานฉลอง หรือรุ่นแรกของหลวงพ่อ วงการนับรุ่นแรกเป็นรุ่นที่แพงที่สุด และเรียงราคาตามเนื้อ ทองคำ เงิน นาค ทองแดง ในรุ่นเดียวกัน",
  "story_en": "Temples strike medallions in batches for an occasion — a birthday merit-making, a consecration, a building fund — and the first batch of a monk (รุ่นแรก) is the one the trade prices highest. Within a batch the metal sets the order: gold, silver, naak, then copper or gilt. One free Commons piece is a 2506 silver reverse struck for an abbot's 84th birthday; another is a Wat Kalong medallion with the takraw-ball yantra. The form gives the market its clearest dating, which is why so many copies are of medallions.",
  "keeping_th": "ไม่มีผู้อยู่ ไม่ต้องเลี้ยง",
  "keeping_en": "Nobody home, nothing owed; a phra khrueang. Provenance question is authenticity and batch."
 },
 "sources": [
  "s:holding-key",
  "s:vault-classes",
  "s:vault-materials",
  "s:commons-amulets-th",
  "s:tradition"
 ],
 "provenance": {
  "default": {
   "tier": "tradition",
   "source": "s:tradition"
  },
  "fields": {
   "axes": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:vault-classes"
   },
   "text.what_en": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:holding-key"
   },
   "text.keeping_en": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:vault-classes"
   },
   "market": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:holding-key"
   },
   "form.size_mm": {
    "tier": "inference",
    "note": "common pendant range; commemoratives larger"
   },
   "origin.era_en": {
    "tier": "tradition",
    "source": "s:tradition",
    "note": "Rama V dating is trade lore, not cited"
   },
   "text.story_en": {
    "tier": "tradition",
    "source": "s:tradition",
    "note": "the two named Commons pieces: s:commons-amulets-th file descriptions"
   }
  }
 },
 "confidence": "medium",
 "needs_verification": true,
 "updated": "2026-09-02",
 "class_facts": {
  "key": "phra_khrueang",
  "term": "พระเครื่อง",
  "roman": "phra khrueang",
  "en_gloss": "Buddhist amulet",
  "resident": "none",
  "upkeep": "none",
  "provenance_sensitivity": "low",
  "definition": "A votive Buddha image or famous-monk amulet. Power = the barami of the maker plus the consecration (ปลุกเสก). No occupant. Its provenance question is purely one of authenticity and market value, never of spiritual safety.",
  "confidence": "high"
 },
 "function_terms": [
  {
   "key": "metta_maha_niyom",
   "term": "เมตตามหานิยม",
   "roman": "metta maha niyom",
   "en": "loving-kindness and wide popularity",
   "definition": "Broad social favour — people are well-disposed, superiors are lenient, customers return. Built on เมตตา, the Buddhist virtue, and respectable to carry and to sell."
  },
  {
   "key": "khlaeo_khlat",
   "term": "แคล้วคลาด",
   "roman": "khlaeo khlat",
   "en": "evasion, narrow escape",
   "definition": "Harm passes by — the accident happens to the next vehicle, the bullet goes wide, you left the building early. Distinct in kind from คงกระพัน: nothing strikes you at all, so nothing needs to be resisted."
  },
  {
   "key": "khum_khrong",
   "term": "คุ้มครอง",
   "roman": "khum khrong",
   "en": "general protection, watching over",
   "definition": "Unspecified guardianship. **A holding pen, not a category** — when a source says only คุ้มครอง it usually has not said which of the specific functions above it means. Treat its presence as a gap to close, not an answer."
  }
 ],
 "material_terms": [
  {
   "key": "thongdaeng",
   "term": "ทองแดง",
   "roman": "thongdaeng",
   "en": "copper",
   "definition": "Copper. Common as the base metal of struck เหรียญ (medal-form amulets), where the issue is often distinguished by which metals the same die was struck in."
  },
  {
   "key": "thonglueang",
   "term": "ทองเหลือง",
   "roman": "thonglueang",
   "en": "brass",
   "definition": "Brass. The most-named metal in the corpus by a wide margin — the everyday material of altar goods, pendant frames and mass issues. High occurrence here reflects volume at the low end of the market, not regard."
  },
  {
   "key": "ngoen",
   "term": "เนื้อเงิน",
   "roman": "nuea ngoen",
   "en": "silver",
   "definition": "Silver. Usually the middle tier of a struck issue — a รุ่น commonly runs ทองแดง, เงิน, ทองคำ from the same die, in descending quantity and ascending regard."
  },
  {
   "key": "thongkham",
   "term": "เนื้อทองคำ",
   "roman": "nuea thongkham",
   "en": "gold",
   "definition": "Gold. Thin in this corpus — 93 of 13,020 listings, and most of those name it for a frame or a plating rather than for the body of the piece. Gold issues are not rare in the tradition; they do not circulate on an open retail platform. That thinness measures what this corpus can and cannot see, and is among the clearest arguments for seeding the register from competition and association records rather than from listings. **Correction of record:** an earlier draft put this at 1 occurrence, having searched only the compound เนื้อทองคำ. The bare term is the one the market uses."
  },
  {
   "key": "naak",
   "term": "เนื้อนาค",
   "roman": "nuea naak",
   "en": "copper-gold alloy (rose gold)",
   "definition": "A copper-and-gold alloy of reddish cast, ranked in the treatises alongside gold and silver as one of the sheets a yantra may be inscribed on — the corpus phrase is แผ่นทอง แผ่นเงิน แผ่นนาค. Added to this axis *because of* that passage, not from the market: the compound forms return zero listings, so this is a material the treatises name and the retail corpus does not carry. **Carried only in unambiguous compounds.** Bare นาค returns 553 pages and 132 listings, but nearly all of those are the naga serpent — a being, not an alloy — which belongs to the class and motif axes. Scanning the bare term here would import a bestiary into a materials list."
  },
  {
   "key": "nuea_loha",
   "term": "เนื้อโลหะ",
   "roman": "nuea loha",
   "en": "metal (unspecified)",
   "definition": "Metal, unspecified. Common in listings precisely because it commits to nothing. Recorded as its own term rather than resolved, because the vagueness is itself the datum — a seller who can name the alloy usually does."
  }
 ],
 "region_terms": [
  {
   "key": "th",
   "th": "ทั่วประเทศไทย",
   "en": "Thailand, not regionally specific"
  }
 ],
 "market_stats": {
  "listings": 161,
  "priced": 161,
  "median_thb": 89.0,
  "typical_thb": [
   49.0,
   249.0
  ],
  "source": "s:catalog-db",
  "tier": "catalogue",
  "note": "title matches only; delete-then-test excludes applied"
 },
 "primary_image": {
  "file": "rian-kechi/rian-kechi-1-1-d60a67.jpg",
  "source": "commons",
  "title": "File:หลวงพ่อแฉ่งรุ่น1 1.jpg",
  "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%89%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%991_1.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
  "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=20327911",
  "license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
  "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0",
  "author": "Vesh P.",
  "credit": "Own work",
  "view": "other",
  "alt_th": "เหรียญพระเกจิ",
  "alt_en": "monk medallion — เหรียญหลวงพ่อแฉ่ง สำเภาเงิน รุ่น 1 พ.ศ.2494 ด้านหน้า",
  "sha256": "25ade87edec6f5e573549aadb1758faa4816b16aa81c4270dcbbef23c231376c",
  "width": 1441,
  "height": 2161,
  "primary": true
 },
 "tier_labels": {
  "en": {
   "catalogue": "Catalogue — checkable against the corpus (catalog.db, a transcribed treatise)",
   "cited": "Cited — a named external source, linked",
   "tradition": "Tradition — general knowledge of the wider tradition, hedged",
   "inference": "Inference — this project's own reasoning from the above",
   "field": "Field — someone stood there"
  },
  "th": {
   "catalogue": "จากคลัง",
   "cited": "อ้างอิงแหล่ง",
   "tradition": "ตามประเพณี",
   "inference": "อนุมาน",
   "field": "พบเห็นเอง"
  }
 }
}