{
 "schema": 1,
 "id": "phra-rahu",
 "level": "kind",
 "parent": null,
 "names": {
  "th": "พระราหู",
  "roman": "phra rahu",
  "en": "Phra Rahu (the eclipse-swallower)",
  "aliases": {
   "th": [
    "ราหู",
    "ราหูอมจันทร์",
    "ราหูอมอาทิตย์",
    "ราหูกะลาตาเดียว"
   ],
   "roman": [
    "rahu",
    "phra rahoo",
    "rahu om chan"
   ],
   "en": [
    "Rahu amulet",
    "Rahu swallowing the moon",
    "eclipse demon"
   ]
  }
 },
 "region": [
  "th-central",
  "th"
 ],
 "axes": {
  "class": "thep_thewada",
  "functions": [
   "khlaeo_khlat",
   "chok_lap",
   "khum_khrong"
  ],
  "materials": [
   "kala",
   "nuea_loha"
  ],
  "figures": [
   "deity",
   "natural"
  ]
 },
 "form": {
  "type": "natural",
  "shape_th": "หัวราหูอ้าปากอมดวงจันทร์หรือดวงอาทิตย์ แกะจากกะลามะพร้าวตาเดียว มีแบบหล่อโลหะและเหรียญด้วย",
  "shape_en": "A Rahu head, mouth open around a moon or sun disc, carved into one-eyed coconut shell; cast-metal figures and medallions carry the same image",
  "size_mm": [
   40,
   45,
   8
  ],
  "wearable_th": "ห้อยคอในกรอบ หรือพกติดตัว",
  "wearable_en": "Worn at the neck in a frame, or carried",
  "obverse_th": "หัวราหู มือสองข้างจับดวงที่อม อกลงยันต์",
  "obverse_en": "Rahu's head and hands gripping the disc he swallows; the treatise puts a 4×4 numeral yantra on the chest",
  "reverse_th": "ยันต์วงกลมแบ่ง ๖ ช่อง หรือชื่อวัด",
  "reverse_en": "In the treatise, a circular yantra of six sectors; on temple issues, the temple and run",
  "notes_en": "The treatise makes a pair: Rahu swallowing the sun bears the Suriyaprapha yantra, Rahu swallowing the moon the Chanthaprapha yantra. Size is an inference for the shell-carved type, which follows the shell."
 },
 "iconography": [
  {
   "th": "หัวไม่มีตัว อ้าปากอมดวง",
   "en": "a bodiless head, mouth open around a disc"
  },
  {
   "th": "ราหูอมจันทร์ · ราหูอมอาทิตย์",
   "en": "swallowing the moon or the sun, made as a pair in the treatise"
  },
  {
   "th": "ยันต์สุริยประภา จันทรประภา",
   "en": "the Suriyaprapha (solar) and Chanthaprapha (lunar) yantras"
  }
 ],
 "origin": {
  "wat_slug": null,
  "wat_th": "",
  "wat_en": "",
  "maker_th": "ตำราสร้างเครื่องรางของขลัง (ไม่ระบุผู้แต่ง)",
  "maker_en": "Anonymous amulet-making treatise, manuscript 6983, for the yantra pair; temple issues are many and uncredited here",
  "era_th": "ตำราไม่ระบุปี",
  "era_en": "Undated treatise",
  "place_th": "ประเพณีภาคกลาง",
  "place_en": "Central Thai tradition",
  "first_attested": ""
 },
 "diagnostics": [
  {
   "th": "เนื้อกะลา — ผิวดำมัน เห็นเสี้ยนกะลา ตาเดียวคือกะลาที่มีตาเดียว",
   "en": "Shell body: dark, oily surface with the coconut's own grain; 'one-eyed' means a shell showing a single germination eye",
   "source": "s:vault-materials",
   "tier": "catalogue"
  },
  {
   "th": "หัวอย่างเดียว ไม่มีตัว — ต่างจากเทพองค์อื่น",
   "en": "Head only, no body: the one deva in the market with no torso",
   "source": "s:en-wiki-rahu",
   "tier": "cited"
  },
  {
   "th": "ตำราลงยันต์ตาราง ๔×๔ ที่อก และยันต์กลม ๖ ช่องด้านหลัง",
   "en": "Treatise pieces carry a 4×4 numeral square on the chest and a six-sector circle on the back",
   "source": "s:ms6983",
   "tier": "catalogue"
  },
  {
   "th": "แบบโลหะและเหรียญมีมาก — เนื้อไม่ใช่ตัวตัดสิน ภาพราหูอมดวงต่างหาก",
   "en": "Metal and medallion types are common; the image, not the material, names the kind",
   "source": "s:holding-key",
   "tier": "catalogue"
  }
 ],
 "confusable_with": [
  {
   "id": "kala-ta-diao",
   "tell_th": "กะลาตาเดียวเปล่าๆ เป็นของธรรมชาติ ไม่มีผู้อยู่ · แกะเป็นราหูแล้วจึงเป็นเทพที่บูชา",
   "tell_en": "A plain one-eyed coconut shell is a natural talisman, nobody home; once carved into Rahu and inscribed it becomes a deva object. Same shell, different class."
  },
  {
   "id": "khot-kala",
   "tell_th": "คดกะลาเป็นก้อนแข็งที่เกิดในกะลา ไม่แกะรูป · ราหูเป็นรูปแกะ",
   "tell_en": "A khot kala is a natural concretion found inside a shell, uncarved; Rahu is a carved image."
  },
  {
   "id": "jatukham",
   "tell_th": "จตุคามมีราหู ๘ ตนล้อมรอบเทพนั่งกลาง เป็นเหรียญกลมใหญ่ · ราหูเดี่ยวเป็นหัวเดียวอมดวง",
   "tell_en": "A Jatukham disc rings its seated deva with eight small Rahu heads; a Rahu amulet is one head, one disc, and no one in the middle."
  },
  {
   "id": "phaya-khrut",
   "tell_th": "ครุฑเต็มตัวกางปีก · ราหูเป็นหัวอย่างเดียว",
   "tell_en": "The garuda is a whole winged figure; Rahu is a head alone."
  }
 ],
 "market": {
  "search": [
   "ราหู"
  ],
  "excludes": [],
  "tier": "both"
 },
 "media": {
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   "Category:Rahu in Thailand"
  ],
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   "File:Wat Pangla - 049 Rahu swallowing the Moon (10684670235).jpg",
   "File:Wiki Loves Folklore 2020 in Thailand 20.jpg"
  ],
  "wanted_en": "Commons has statues and murals, not the shell amulet. Needed: a carved one-eyed-shell Rahu obverse and reverse, and the sun/moon pair side by side"
 },
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   "license_url": "",
   "author": "Unknown authorUnknown author",
   "credit": "1900 Album of Photography in Siam",
   "view": "other",
   "alt_th": "พระราหู",
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   "author": "Der aus Uebersee kommt",
   "credit": "Fotografiert am 11. November 2003",
   "view": "other",
   "alt_th": "พระราหู",
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   "license": "Public domain",
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   "alt_th": "พระราหู",
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   "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0",
   "author": "กสิณธร ราชโอรส",
   "credit": "Own work",
   "view": "other",
   "alt_th": "พระราหู",
   "alt_en": "Phra Rahu (the eclipse-swallower) — This is a photo of a monument in Thailand identified by the ID",
   "sha256": "82b8d0dbea73bc0170a414ba47540645de84e349368b6e576ae4513d0d59cc46",
   "width": 4320,
   "height": 3240
  },
  {
   "file": "phra-rahu/phra-rahu-wiki-loves-folklore-2020-in-thailand-20-5ade5f.jpg",
   "source": "commons",
   "title": "File:Wiki Loves Folklore 2020 in Thailand 20.jpg",
   "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2020_in_Thailand_20.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
   "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=87563767",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
   "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0",
   "author": "Tris T7",
   "credit": "Own work",
   "view": "other",
   "alt_th": "พระราหู",
   "alt_en": "Phra Rahu (the eclipse-swallower) — Thai Folk",
   "sha256": "103faf6fe270c6ac001c768507dcbd71cf74999f8ef92812834583a6b524d48f",
   "width": 5504,
   "height": 8256
  },
  {
   "file": "phra-rahu/phra-rahu-sala-keoku-1-5ebc01.jpg",
   "source": "commons",
   "title": "File:Sala Keoku 1.jpg",
   "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Sala_Keoku_1.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
   "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=89325915",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
   "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0",
   "author": "Christophe95",
   "credit": "Own work",
   "view": "other",
   "alt_th": "พระราหู",
   "alt_en": "Phra Rahu (the eclipse-swallower) — Sala Keoku in Nong Khai.",
   "sha256": "e4986265251f97eb6e537330be94c6b198389ff35168e690919145ae699ef46f",
   "width": 5149,
   "height": 3056
  },
  {
   "file": "phra-rahu/phra-rahu-march-2022-img-11-845115.jpg",
   "source": "commons",
   "title": "File:วัดตาปะขาวหาย (March 2022) - img 11.jpg",
   "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2_%28March_2022%29_-_img_11.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
   "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=115851613",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
   "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0",
   "author": "Chainwit.",
   "credit": "Own work",
   "view": "other",
   "alt_th": "พระราหู",
   "alt_en": "Phra Rahu (the eclipse-swallower) — Wat Ta Pa Khao Hai",
   "sha256": "a2552a0095847c5e69feb9f18abfa83bb67be6ec7cdc33106598a60492d4764f",
   "width": 4032,
   "height": 3024
  },
  {
   "file": "phra-rahu/phra-rahu-temple-wat-si-sawai-5-439d28.jpg",
   "source": "commons",
   "title": "File:Temple Wat Si Sawai 5.jpg",
   "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Temple_Wat_Si_Sawai_5.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
   "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=160580528",
   "license": "CC0",
   "license_url": "http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en",
   "author": "Welcome to Thailand",
   "credit": "Own work",
   "view": "other",
   "alt_th": "พระราหู",
   "alt_en": "Phra Rahu (the eclipse-swallower) — Détail du prang recouvert de stuc  avec Kala (Rahu) au-dessus d'un bas-relief de Bouddha",
   "sha256": "7ff782699b16b300a10051f2f2e0e6cd220ba499261776782d1cf5f1f8671efa",
   "width": 4945,
   "height": 3297
  }
 ],
 "text": {
  "what_th": "ราหูอมจันทร์ แกะจากกะลามะพร้าวตาเดียวเป็นหลัก — เครื่องแก้เคล็ดทางโหราศาสตร์ของผู้ที่อยู่ในช่วงพระราหูเสวยอายุ เป็นเทพที่บูชา ไม่ใช่ผีที่เลี้ยง",
  "what_en": "Rahu swallowing the moon, classically carved into a one-eyed coconut shell — the astrological remedy worn by those in a Rahu period. This site's almanac pages keep the sky half of the story.",
  "story_th": "ตำราเล่าว่าฤๅษีสองตนบนเขายุคุนธรเห็นว่ามนุษย์ในกาลหน้าจะยากจน จึงสร้างยันต์สุริยประภาและจันทรประภา ผู้จะทำให้หากะลามะพร้าวตาเดียว แกะเป็นราหูอมพระจันทร์อันหนึ่ง ราหูอมพระอาทิตย์อันหนึ่ง ลงยันต์สุริยประภาที่องค์อมอาทิตย์ จันทรประภาที่องค์อมจันทร์ ตำรายกว่าค่าเทียบสมบัติจักรพรรดิและแก้วมณีโชติ",
  "story_en": "In the myth Rahu's head was cut off by Vishnu's discus after he drank the amrita, so when he swallows the sun or moon it passes out through his throat: the eclipse. Manuscript 6983 gives the amulet as a pair. Two hermits on Mount Yugandhara, foreseeing a poor age, made the Suriyaprapha (solar) and Chanthaprapha (lunar) yantras; the maker finds a one-eyed coconut shell, carves one Rahu swallowing the moon and one swallowing the sun, and inscribes the solar yantra on the sun-figure and the lunar on the moon-figure, with homage verses to each. The treatise sells it for wealth; the modern trade sells it as the remedy for a Rahu period in the horoscope, and the Buddhist protective verses against Rahu from the Candima and Suriya suttas sit behind both.",
  "keeping_th": "เทพสถิตในความหมายของการบูชา ถวายเครื่องสักการะและความเคารพ ไม่เลี้ยง วางลงได้ ธรรมเนียมถวายของดำเป็นของประเพณี ตำรานี้ไม่ได้กล่าว",
  "keeping_en": "Deva tier: veneration, not feeding; can be set down. The trade's rule of offering black things to Rahu is tradition, not in this treatise."
 },
 "sources": [
  "s:holding-key",
  "s:vault-classes",
  "s:vault-materials",
  "s:ms6983",
  "s:en-wiki-rahu",
  "s:tradition"
 ],
 "provenance": {
  "default": {
   "tier": "tradition",
   "source": "s:tradition"
  },
  "fields": {
   "axes": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:vault-classes"
   },
   "text.what_en": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:holding-key"
   },
   "text.story_en": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:ms6983",
    "note": "bilingual.md lines 2255–2390 (printed pp. 52–55); eclipse myth and sutta verses from s:en-wiki-rahu"
   },
   "text.keeping_en": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:vault-classes"
   },
   "form.obverse_en": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:ms6983"
   },
   "form.reverse_en": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:ms6983"
   },
   "form.size_mm": {
    "tier": "inference",
    "note": "typical shell-carved pendant; follows the shell, not measured"
   },
   "origin": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:ms6983"
   },
   "market": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:holding-key"
   }
  }
 },
 "confidence": "high",
 "needs_verification": false,
 "updated": "2026-09-02",
 "class_facts": {
  "key": "thep_thewada",
  "term": "เทพ / เทวดา",
  "roman": "thep / thewada",
  "en_gloss": "deva-tier resident",
  "resident": "deva",
  "upkeep": "veneration",
  "provenance_sensitivity": "medium",
  "definition": "A celestial or Hindu-derived being is venerated through the object — Thao Wessuwan, Garuda (พญาครุฑ), Rahu, arguably Nang Kwak. Receives offerings and respect but is not a raised ghost; the relationship is closer to worship than to parenting. The \"cleanest\" spirit-bearing tier.",
  "confidence": "high"
 },
 "function_terms": [
  {
   "key": "khlaeo_khlat",
   "term": "แคล้วคลาด",
   "roman": "khlaeo khlat",
   "en": "evasion, narrow escape",
   "definition": "Harm passes by — the accident happens to the next vehicle, the bullet goes wide, you left the building early. Distinct in kind from คงกระพัน: nothing strikes you at all, so nothing needs to be resisted."
  },
  {
   "key": "chok_lap",
   "term": "โชคลาภ",
   "roman": "chok lap",
   "en": "luck and windfall",
   "definition": "Fortune arriving from outside — lottery, gifts, unexpected gain. โชค is the luck, ลาภ the thing that turns up because of it."
  },
  {
   "key": "khum_khrong",
   "term": "คุ้มครอง",
   "roman": "khum khrong",
   "en": "general protection, watching over",
   "definition": "Unspecified guardianship. **A holding pen, not a category** — when a source says only คุ้มครอง it usually has not said which of the specific functions above it means. Treat its presence as a gap to close, not an answer."
  }
 ],
 "material_terms": [
  {
   "key": "kala",
   "term": "กะลา",
   "roman": "kala",
   "en": "coconut shell",
   "definition": "Coconut shell, most often the single-eyed shell (กะลาตาเดียว) carved and inscribed. High occurrence in the corpus. Note that many กะลา hits are the carved ปลัดขิก form — cross-check the class axis, which deliberately leaves ปลัดขิก unassigned."
  },
  {
   "key": "nuea_loha",
   "term": "เนื้อโลหะ",
   "roman": "nuea loha",
   "en": "metal (unspecified)",
   "definition": "Metal, unspecified. Common in listings precisely because it commits to nothing. Recorded as its own term rather than resolved, because the vagueness is itself the datum — a seller who can name the alloy usually does."
  }
 ],
 "region_terms": [
  {
   "key": "th-central",
   "th": "ภาคกลาง",
   "en": "Central Thailand (Bangkok, Ayutthaya basin)"
  },
  {
   "key": "th",
   "th": "ทั่วประเทศไทย",
   "en": "Thailand, not regionally specific"
  }
 ],
 "market_stats": {
  "listings": 371,
  "priced": 371,
  "median_thb": 129.0,
  "typical_thb": [
   49.0,
   439.0
  ],
  "source": "s:catalog-db",
  "tier": "catalogue",
  "note": "title matches only; delete-then-test excludes applied"
 },
 "primary_image": {
  "file": "phra-rahu/phra-rahu-phra-rahu-3bad80.gif",
  "source": "commons",
  "title": "File:Phra Rahu.gif",
  "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Phra_Rahu.gif?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
  "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=18658408",
  "license": "Public domain",
  "license_url": "",
  "author": "Unknown authorUnknown author",
  "credit": "1900 Album of Photography in Siam",
  "view": "other",
  "alt_th": "พระราหู",
  "alt_en": "Phra Rahu (the eclipse-swallower) — Phra Rahu riding Krat (garuda) holding a mallet a Brahminical diety to whom offerings are made in Siam",
  "sha256": "656695f3703f2a60ae25e3b280b6e5cb291d4564c1bed4704461f4661c955cfe",
  "width": 1311,
  "height": 1685,
  "primary": true
 },
 "tier_labels": {
  "en": {
   "catalogue": "Catalogue — checkable against the corpus (catalog.db, a transcribed treatise)",
   "cited": "Cited — a named external source, linked",
   "tradition": "Tradition — general knowledge of the wider tradition, hedged",
   "inference": "Inference — this project's own reasoning from the above",
   "field": "Field — someone stood there"
  },
  "th": {
   "catalogue": "จากคลัง",
   "cited": "อ้างอิงแหล่ง",
   "tradition": "ตามประเพณี",
   "inference": "อนุมาน",
   "field": "พบเห็นเอง"
  }
 }
}