{
 "schema": 1,
 "id": "palad-khik",
 "level": "kind",
 "parent": null,
 "names": {
  "th": "ปลัดขิก",
  "roman": "palat khik",
  "en": "Palad khik (phallic waist charm)",
  "aliases": {
   "th": [
    "ปลัด",
    "ขุนเพ็ด",
    "อ้ายขิก"
   ],
   "roman": [
    "palad khik",
    "palat khik",
    "palad kik",
    "pra lad khik"
   ],
   "en": [
    "honourable surrogate",
    "phallic amulet",
    "Thai lingam charm"
   ]
  }
 },
 "region": [
  "th"
 ],
 "axes": {
  "class": null,
  "functions": [
   "maha_saneh",
   "kan_phi",
   "chok_lap",
   "kha_khai"
  ],
  "materials": [
   "kala",
   "khao",
   "nuea_loha"
  ],
  "figures": [
   "phallic"
  ]
 },
 "form": {
  "type": "other",
  "shape_th": "แท่งไม้หรือโลหะแกะเป็นรูปอวัยวะเพศชาย มีรูหรือห่วงสำหรับร้อยเชือก บางชิ้นมีรูปลิง เสือ หรือนางกวักขี่อยู่บนแท่ง",
  "shape_en": "A rod carved or cast to a phallic form, pierced or looped for a cord; some carry a small figure riding the shaft (monkey, tiger, Nang Kwak). Sizes run from a pocket piece to shrine-sized poles.",
  "size_mm": [
   12,
   45,
   12
  ],
  "wearable_th": "ผูกเชือกคาดเอวไว้ใต้เสื้อผ้า ตำราให้ผูกเอวได้ทั้งเด็กและผู้ใหญ่ เด็กชายบางทีห้อยคอ",
  "wearable_en": "Tied at the waist on a cord under the clothes; the treatise says waist-tied for children and adults alike. Boys sometimes wear it at the neck.",
  "obverse_th": "หน้าประธานลงตัว อุ ลำตัวสองข้างลง กันหะ เนหะ ข้างละสองอักขระ (ตำรา) ในภาพประกอบมี ร ธุ ด้านบน ๙ ที่หัว เฆ ฆ ด้านล่าง",
  "obverse_en": "The treatise inscribes the syllable อุ on the presiding face and กันหะ / เนหะ along the two flanks, two Khom letters a side; its diagram shows ร ธุ above, ๙ at the head, เฆ ฆ below",
  "reverse_th": "",
  "reverse_en": "",
  "notes_en": "Size is a typical pocket piece, marked inference; English Wikipedia gives the range as several inches to several feet. The vault leaves the class unassigned on purpose (see keeping)."
 },
 "iconography": [
  {
   "th": "รูปอวัยวะเพศชาย",
   "en": "the phallic rod itself"
  },
  {
   "th": "อักขระขอม อุ · กันหะ · เนหะ",
   "en": "Khom letters อุ, กันหะ, เนหะ on face and flanks (treatise)"
  },
  {
   "th": "ลิง เสือ หรือนางกวักขี่บนแท่ง",
   "en": "a monkey, tiger or Nang Kwak riding the shaft (Thai Wikipedia; a variant, not the base form)"
  }
 ],
 "origin": {
  "wat_slug": null,
  "wat_th": "",
  "wat_en": "",
  "maker_th": "ตำราสร้างเครื่องรางของขลัง (ไม่ระบุผู้แต่ง) · วิกิพีเดียไทยเอ่ยชื่อหลวงพ่อเหลือ วัดสาวชะโงก เป็นผู้สร้างที่มีชื่อ",
  "maker_en": "Anonymous amulet-making treatise, manuscript 6983, gives three recipes; Thai Wikipedia names Luang Pho Luea of Wat Sao Cha-ngok as a noted maker",
  "era_th": "ตำราไม่ระบุปี วิกิพีเดียทั้งสองภาษาโยงไปถึงศิวลึงค์และอิทธิพลอินเดียราวสองพันปี — เป็นคำอ้าง ไม่ใช่วันที่",
  "era_en": "Undated treatise. Both Wikipedias trace the form to the Shiva linga and Indian influence roughly two thousand years back; that is a lineage claim, not a date",
  "place_th": "ทั่วประเทศ ศาลใหญ่ที่ถ้ำพระนาง กระบี่ และในขบวนบุญบั้งไฟอีสาน",
  "place_en": "Nationwide; the large in-situ shrine on Commons is Phra Nang cave, Krabi, and rocket-festival parades in the Northeast carry oversized ones",
  "first_attested": ""
 },
 "diagnostics": [
  {
   "th": "เป็นแท่งรูปเพศชาย ไม่ใช่องค์พระ ไม่ใช่เหรียญ รูปทรงคือคำตอบแรก",
   "en": "It is a phallic rod, never a Buddha or a medallion; the form alone names the kind",
   "source": "s:holding-key",
   "tier": "catalogue"
  },
  {
   "th": "ตำราให้แกะจากแก่นคูณ (แบบ ๑–๒) หรือแก่นมะขาม แก่นเมื่อย กาฝาก (แบบ ๓) และลงอักขระ อุ กันหะ เนหะ — ส่องหาอักขระบนหน้าและลำตัว",
   "en": "The treatise carves it from golden-shower heartwood (methods 1–2) or tamarind, muai heartwood or mistletoe (method 3) and inscribes อุ, กันหะ, เนหะ; look for the letters on face and flanks",
   "source": "s:ms6983",
   "tier": "catalogue"
  },
  {
   "th": "วัสดุอ่านได้ด้วยตา ไม้ กะลา เขา หรือโลหะหล่อ ไม้เก่าด้วยรอยสึก ไม่ใช่สนิม · กะลาในตลาดจำนวนมากคือปลัดขิกแกะ",
   "en": "Material reads by eye: wood, coconut shell, horn or cast metal. Wood ages by wear, not patina. Many coconut-shell hits in the corpus are carved palad khik",
   "source": "s:vault-materials",
   "tier": "catalogue"
  },
  {
   "th": "รูปลิง เสือ หรือนางกวักขี่บนแท่งเป็นแบบแยก ไม่ใช่แบบพื้นฐาน",
   "en": "A riding figure — monkey, tiger, Nang Kwak — marks a variant; the base form is the plain rod",
   "source": "s:th-wiki-palad-khik",
   "tier": "cited"
  },
  {
   "th": "ชิ้นที่ทำจากวัสดุสัตว์คุ้มครองอยู่ใต้กฎหมายไทยและ CITES — ข้อสังเกตทางกฎหมาย ไม่ใช่คำตัดสิน",
   "en": "Pieces made from protected-animal material fall under Thai law and CITES; a legal notice, not a judgement",
   "source": "s:vault-materials",
   "tier": "catalogue"
  }
 ],
 "confusable_with": [
  {
   "id": "takrut",
   "tell_th": "ตะกรุดเป็นหลอดม้วนโลหะที่คาดเอวเหมือนกัน · ปลัดขิกเป็นแท่งแกะรูปเพศชาย",
   "tell_en": "Both hang at the waist. A takrut is a rolled metal tube with the yantra inside (class yantra_wattu); a palad khik is a solid carved or cast rod whose form is the charm and whose class the vault declines to fix"
  },
  {
   "id": "kala-ta-diao",
   "tell_th": "กะลาตาเดียวเป็นของธรรมชาติที่ไม่ได้แกะเป็นรูป · ปลัดขิกกะลาถูกแกะเป็นแท่ง",
   "tell_en": "A one-eyed coconut shell is a natural talisman kept for what it is; a coconut-shell palad khik has been carved into the rod. Same material, different kind"
  },
  {
   "id": "nang-kwak",
   "tell_th": "นางกวักเป็นรูปหญิงกวักมือ บูชาเป็นเทพ · ถ้าอยู่บนแท่งปลัดขิก แท่งคือของ นางกวักคือลาย",
   "tell_en": "Nang Kwak is a beckoning woman venerated as a deva; when she rides a palad khik the rod is the object and she is its decoration"
  }
 ],
 "market": {
  "search": [
   "ปลัดขิก"
  ],
  "excludes": [],
  "tier": "both"
 },
 "media": {
  "commons_categories": [
   "Category:Palat khik"
  ],
  "commons_files": [
   "File:Talisman Market Bangkok (16) (28327740695).jpg",
   "File:Talisman Market Bangkok (18) (28327740425).jpg",
   "File:Phra Nang cave, Rai Leh, Thailand 2018 1.jpg",
   "File:แท่งปลัดขิกยักษ์ - panoramio.jpg"
  ],
  "wanted_en": "The free set is market tables (Tha Phra Chan) and shrines (Phra Nang cave, a giant in Chainat). Still wanted: one pocket piece straight on with the Khom letters legible, a side view, and one with a riding figure, at scale."
 },
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   "source": "commons",
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   "alt_th": "ปลัดขิก",
   "alt_en": "Palad khik (phallic waist charm) — Talisman_Market_Bangkok (16)",
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   "alt_th": "ปลัดขิก",
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   "alt_en": "Palad khik (phallic waist charm) — Phallus symbols in Phra Nang cave on the Phra Nang beach in the Krabi Province, Thailand, March 2018",
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   "credit": "No machine-readable source provided. Own work assumed (based on copyright claims).",
   "view": "other",
   "alt_th": "ปลัดขิก",
   "alt_en": "Palad khik (phallic waist charm) — Cameraman (with fake camera) at village Rocket Festival salutes author, Pawyi Lee",
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   "author": "No machine-readable author provided. Pawyilee assumed (based on copyright claims).",
   "credit": "No machine-readable source provided. Own work assumed (based on copyright claims).",
   "view": "other",
   "alt_th": "ปลัดขิก",
   "alt_en": "Palad khik (phallic waist charm) — Cameraman (with fake camera) at village Rocket Festival shoots author, Pawyi Lee",
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   "alt_th": "ปลัดขิก",
   "alt_en": "Palad khik (phallic waist charm)",
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   "file": "palad-khik/palad-khik-rocket-festival-microphone-c90931.jpg",
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   "title": "File:Rocket Festival Microphone.JPG",
   "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Rocket_Festival_Microphone.JPG?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
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   "credit": "No machine-readable source provided. Own work assumed (based on copyright claims).",
   "view": "other",
   "alt_th": "ปลัดขิก",
   "alt_en": "Palad khik (phallic waist charm) — Rocket Festival celebrant photographed in her village by Pawyi Lee.\nA Rocket Festival is a merit-making ceremony traditi",
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   "credit": "No machine-readable source provided. Own work assumed (based on copyright claims).",
   "view": "other",
   "alt_th": "ปลัดขิก",
   "alt_en": "Palad khik (phallic waist charm) — Rocket Festival microphone photographed in his village by Pawyi Lee",
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   "file": "palad-khik/palad-khik-phra-nang-cave-p1120047-a413bd.jpg",
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   "alt_th": "ปลัดขิก",
   "alt_en": "Palad khik (phallic waist charm) — Phra Nang cave, Phra Nang beach, Rai Leh (Railay) Pennisula, Krabi, Thailand",
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   "alt_th": "ปลัดขิก",
   "alt_en": "Palad khik (phallic waist charm) — Phra Nang cave, Phra Nang beach, Rai Leh (Railay) Pennisula, Krabi, Thailand",
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 "text": {
  "what_th": "แท่งแกะหรือหล่อรูปอวัยวะเพศชาย พกติดตัวเพื่อโชค การค้า และคุ้มกัน เป็นเครื่องรางที่เก่าแก่ที่สุดแบบหนึ่งของแถบนี้ และเป็นแบบที่ประเพณีเองจัดไว้สองทาง — ของขลังไม่มีผู้อยู่ทางหนึ่ง ที่สถิตของผู้คุ้มครองอีกทางหนึ่ง",
  "what_en": "A carved or cast phallic rod, pocket-carried for luck, trade and protection — one of the oldest charm forms in the region, and one the tradition itself files two different ways.",
  "story_th": "ตำราให้สามวิธี แบบที่ ๑ แกะแก่นคูณ ลง อุ ที่หน้าประธาน กันหะ เนหะ ที่ลำตัว เสกด้วย “กันหะ เนหะ” กันคุณไสย ถูกพิษหรือเจ็บไข้ให้ฝนตูดปลัดขิกกับเหล้ากิน ใช้เป็นเสน่ห์ได้ ห้ามไว้กับตัวเวลาร่วมกับหญิง และเมื่อหญิงมีระดู แบบที่ ๒ แกะและลงอักขระอย่างเดียวกัน แต่เสกด้วยมนต์พื้นบ้านคำหยาบยาว ผูกเอวได้ทั้งเด็กและผู้ใหญ่ ผูกเด็กกันตาลซาง ภูตผี และแม่ซื้อ แบบที่ ๓ ใช้แก่นคูณ แก่นมะขาม แก่นเมื่อย หรือกาฝากก็ได้ เสก “กันหะ เนหะ” ๑๐๘ คาบ กับมนต์สั้นอีกบทหนึ่ง กันคุณไสย พรายน้ำ เขี้ยวงา และเป็นเสน่ห์แก่หญิง",
  "story_en": "The treatise gives three recipes. Method 1 carves golden-shower heartwood, inscribes อุ on the face and กันหะ เนหะ on the flanks, and consecrates with the two-word katha; it wards sorcery, the tip ground in liquor is drunk for poison or fever, it serves as a love charm, and it must not be on the body during intercourse or near a menstruating woman. Method 2 carves and inscribes the same way but consecrates with a long, bawdy vernacular incantation, and is tied at the waist of children against wasting fevers, spirits and the mae sue birth-spirit, or of adults for everything. Method 3 admits tamarind, muai heartwood or mistletoe as well, chants กันหะ เนหะ 108 times with a second short coarse formula, and is worn against sorcery, water-spirits and fangs and tusks, and for attraction. English Wikipedia adds the modern picture: men wear several on a waist cord, shopkeepers set large ones out, and the form is read back to the Shiva linga.",
  "keeping_th": "หมวดว่าง — คำศัพท์ในคลังไม่จัดหมวดให้ ผู้ถือบางคนถือเป็นของขลังไม่มีผู้อยู่ ไม่ต้องเลี้ยง บางคนถือเป็นที่สถิตของผู้คุ้มครอง ต้องมีผู้รู้ชี้ ข้อห้ามที่ตำราให้เองคือ ห้ามไว้กับตัวเวลาร่วมเพศและเมื่อหญิงมีระดู",
  "keeping_en": "Class deliberately unassigned: the vault vocabulary leaves ปลัดขิก unplaced because some keepers hold it as an impersonal charm with nobody home and nothing owed, and others as a guardian-spirit vessel. It needs a knower, and this record says so rather than deciding. The treatise's own rules are the only ones on paper: not on the body during intercourse, not near a menstruating woman."
 },
 "sources": [
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  "s:vault-classes",
  "s:vault-materials",
  "s:vault-functions",
  "s:ms6983",
  "s:en-wiki-palad-khik",
  "s:th-wiki-palad-khik",
  "s:amulet-reference",
  "s:commons-amulets-th",
  "s:tradition"
 ],
 "provenance": {
  "default": {
   "tier": "catalogue",
   "source": "s:ms6983",
   "note": "bilingual.md lines 3499–3560 (printed pp. 43–44), three methods"
  },
  "fields": {
   "axes": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:holding-key",
    "note": "class null is the vault's own refusal; materials mapped organic/loha onto vault keys, tradition"
   },
   "names.aliases": {
    "tier": "tradition",
    "source": "s:tradition",
    "note": "ขุนเพ็ด and อ้ายขิก are regional names the trade uses; not on-wiki"
   },
   "text.what_en": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:holding-key"
   },
   "text.keeping_en": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:vault-classes"
   },
   "form.size_mm": {
    "tier": "inference",
    "note": "typical pocket piece; not measured on a reference object"
   },
   "form.wearable_en": {
    "tier": "cited",
    "source": "s:en-wiki-palad-khik",
    "note": "waist cord under clothing; the treatise's ผูกติดเอว agrees"
   },
   "iconography": {
    "tier": "cited",
    "source": "s:th-wiki-palad-khik",
    "note": "riding figures; the letters are s:ms6983"
   },
   "origin": {
    "tier": "cited",
    "source": "s:th-wiki-palad-khik"
   },
   "market": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:holding-key",
    "note": "tier both is tradition: named-master pieces trade sian-side, the form floods retail"
   },
   "media": {
    "tier": "catalogue",
    "source": "s:commons-amulets-th"
   }
  }
 },
 "confidence": "high",
 "needs_verification": false,
 "updated": "2026-09-02",
 "class_facts": {
  "key": null,
  "term": "ยังไม่ชี้ขาด",
  "en": "left to a knower",
  "resident": null,
  "upkeep": null,
  "provenance_sensitivity": null,
  "definition": "The vault vocabulary does not place this kind; the refusal is recorded, not papered over."
 },
 "function_terms": [
  {
   "key": "maha_saneh",
   "term": "มหาเสน่ห์",
   "roman": "maha saneh",
   "en": "powerful attraction, allure",
   "definition": "Personal and frequently erotic attraction, directed at a particular person rather than at a room. Overlaps the love-wax (สีผึ้ง) and น้ำมันพราย material tradition."
  },
  {
   "key": "kan_phi",
   "term": "กันผี",
   "roman": "kan phi",
   "en": "warding spirits",
   "definition": "Against ผี specifically — the dead, the hungry, the malicious — not against human violence. A different threat model from คงกระพัน entirely."
  },
  {
   "key": "chok_lap",
   "term": "โชคลาภ",
   "roman": "chok lap",
   "en": "luck and windfall",
   "definition": "Fortune arriving from outside — lottery, gifts, unexpected gain. โชค is the luck, ลาภ the thing that turns up because of it."
  },
  {
   "key": "kha_khai",
   "term": "ค้าขาย",
   "roman": "kha khai",
   "en": "trade, selling",
   "definition": "Specifically commercial: custom comes to the shop, goods move. Distinguished from โชคลาภ because the gain is worked for rather than fallen into."
  }
 ],
 "material_terms": [
  {
   "key": "kala",
   "term": "กะลา",
   "roman": "kala",
   "en": "coconut shell",
   "definition": "Coconut shell, most often the single-eyed shell (กะลาตาเดียว) carved and inscribed. High occurrence in the corpus. Note that many กะลา hits are the carved ปลัดขิก form — cross-check the class axis, which deliberately leaves ปลัดขิก unassigned."
  },
  {
   "key": "khao",
   "term": "เขาสัตว์",
   "roman": "khao sat",
   "en": "horn",
   "definition": "Horn, most often buffalo — เขาควาย, and in the strongest form เขาควายเผือก (albino buffalo horn), gathered under conditions that are themselves part of the claim."
  },
  {
   "key": "nuea_loha",
   "term": "เนื้อโลหะ",
   "roman": "nuea loha",
   "en": "metal (unspecified)",
   "definition": "Metal, unspecified. Common in listings precisely because it commits to nothing. Recorded as its own term rather than resolved, because the vagueness is itself the datum — a seller who can name the alloy usually does."
  }
 ],
 "region_terms": [
  {
   "key": "th",
   "th": "ทั่วประเทศไทย",
   "en": "Thailand, not regionally specific"
  }
 ],
 "market_stats": {
  "listings": 275,
  "priced": 275,
  "median_thb": 99.0,
  "typical_thb": [
   59.0,
   300.0
  ],
  "source": "s:catalog-db",
  "tier": "catalogue",
  "note": "title matches only; delete-then-test excludes applied"
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  "file": "palad-khik/palad-khik-talisman-market-bangkok-16-28327740695-3f451e.jpg",
  "source": "commons",
  "title": "File:Talisman Market Bangkok (16) (28327740695).jpg",
  "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Talisman_Market_Bangkok_%2816%29_%2828327740695%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
  "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=104798734",
  "license": "CC BY 2.0",
  "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0",
  "author": "Sasha India",
  "credit": "Talisman_Market_Bangkok (16)",
  "view": "other",
  "alt_th": "ปลัดขิก",
  "alt_en": "Palad khik (phallic waist charm) — Talisman_Market_Bangkok (16)",
  "sha256": "ab96c0cf92012123441d2315d7f8f406eef860e33aaab67a0a1f27b587a7fe75",
  "width": 1600,
  "height": 1200,
  "primary": true
 },
 "tier_labels": {
  "en": {
   "catalogue": "Catalogue — checkable against the corpus (catalog.db, a transcribed treatise)",
   "cited": "Cited — a named external source, linked",
   "tradition": "Tradition — general knowledge of the wider tradition, hedged",
   "inference": "Inference — this project's own reasoning from the above",
   "field": "Field — someone stood there"
  },
  "th": {
   "catalogue": "จากคลัง",
   "cited": "อ้างอิงแหล่ง",
   "tradition": "ตามประเพณี",
   "inference": "อนุมาน",
   "field": "พบเห็นเอง"
  }
 }
}